eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
1
10
10.21608/epsj.2018.5566
5566
Original Article
HEMATOLOGICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT STATUS OF PREGNANT RABBITS AT THIRD TRIMESTER AS AFFECTED BY POMEGRANATE PEELS UNDER HEAT STRESS CONDITION
Y. M. El-Gindy
1
Dep. of Anim. and Fish Prod., Fac. of Agric. (Saba Basha), Alexandria Uni.
It is assumed that pregnant rabbits under heat stress condition need to be supplemented with an antioxidant substance that help to keep pregnant does healthy. Various antioxidants are available in the natural like pomegranate peel (PP). The purpose of the current study is to understand the effect of different levels of pomegranate peel supplementation on the hematological and antioxidant status of heat-stressed doe rabbits pregnant at 21st day. Thirty-two V-line does were divided into 4 treatment groups (8 does/group): control, pomegranate peel (0.75%, 1.5% and 3.0%). All treatment diets were free of any antibiotics or added antioxidants. Rabbitry minimum and maximum ambient temperature, humidity and temperature-humidity index throughout the experimental period were between 27.5-33.5°C, 64-76% and 77.84 -87.77, respectively. Significantly, all diets containing PP improved each of serum total antioxidants capacity, high density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein/low density lipoprotein ratio and significantly reduced low density lipoprotein, malondialdehyde and cholesterol concentrations. Pomegranate peel at 3% inclusion level significantly recorded the highest count of red blood cell. Likewise, the two highest level of pomegranate peel (1.5 and 3%) recorded the highest concentration of hemoglobin. The present results indicate that the supplementation of diets with natural antioxidants as pomegranate peel is necessary to overcome some side effects of heat stress on pregnant does via enhancing their antioxidant status and modulating lipids metabolism during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5566_50dcc56d4b40665bc3cd17dafc541ebe.pdf
antioxidant status
heat stress
hematology
Pomegranate peel
Rabbit
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
35
50
10.21608/epsj.2018.5568
5568
Original Article
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, SE DEPOSITION AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS AS AFFECTED BY SELENIUM-ENRICHED YEAST
M.I. Shourrap
1
Marwa Sh. Abdo
2
H.A. Thabet
3
M.A.M. Abdelaziz
4
Poult. Prod.Dep.,Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Uni., Shoubra El-Kheima, 11241 Cairo, Egypt
Poult. Prod.Dep.,Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Uni., Shoubra El-Kheima, 11241 Cairo, Egypt
Poult. Prod.Dep.,Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Uni., Shoubra El-Kheima, 11241 Cairo, Egypt.
Poult. Prod.Dep.,Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Uni., Shoubra El-Kheima, 11241 Cairo, Egypt.
The purpose of this investigation was to study effects of using selenium-enriched yeast on productive performance, carcass composition, Se deposition in meat, some blood constituents and antioxidant activity of broiler chickens. One hundred fifty chicks of commercial broiler strain were divided into five groups, each group comprised five replicates (6 birds per replicate). The groups received a basal diet complemented with 0.2 (control), 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, or 0.6 ppm selenium (Se)/ kg diet. The experiment continued from one-day-old to five weeks of age. Data obtained illustrated that dietary treatments had insignificant effect on growth performance. Selenium (Se) concentration in breast muscles was increased by increasing Se-enriched yeast level in the diet, where the highest content of Se was in birds fed diet supplemented with 0.6 ppm Se/ kg (being 0.48 ppm /kg). Also, supplementing broiler diets with Se-enriched yeast resulted in higher activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) than in control group. Conversely, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly declined by increasing dietary Se levels. Concerning total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels, groups received 0.3 and 0.4 ppm Se/ kg diet appeared significantly similar to control group. Levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) in plasma were decreased in all treated groups compared to control group. In conclusion, complementing broiler diets with Se-enriched yeast might be recommended to improve the antioxidant status and blood lipid profile.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5568_f2d9914088f76ecf1e9b6fb3289f7766.pdf
selenium – broilers – performance – antioxidant
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
51
64
10.21608/epsj.2018.5569
5569
Original Article
PRODUCTIVE, EGG QUALITY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF GIMMIZAH CHICKEN AS AFFECTED BY MAGNETIZED WATER OF DIFFERENT STRENGTHS
Saber Hassan
saber.hassan@damanhour.edu.eg
1
Youssef Attia
2
Ali El-Sheikh
3
Abdelkader Abdelkader
4
Ani. and Poult. Prod. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Damanhour Uni., Egypt
1 Ani. and Poult. Prod. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Damanhour Uni., Egypt 2 Arid Land Agric. Dep., Fac. of Meteoro., Envir., and Arid Land Agric., King
El-Sabahia Poult. Res. Station, Alex. Gov.
El-Sabahia Poult. Res. Station, Alex. Gov.
A total number of 120 28 week-old laying hens of Gimmizah strain were distributed among four treatment groups in a completely randomized design with three replicates per treatment and ten hens per replicate. The first group kept as a control group received non-magnetized tap water and the other groups received tap water exposed to different intensity of magnetic strengths 2000, 3000 and 4000 gauss respectively. Laying hens were housed in 12 floor pens (2 m × 1.2 m × 2 m) furnished with wheat straw. Laying hens on - 3000 and 4000 gauss magnetized water consumed significantly more feeds and all groups on the magnetized water had significantly better feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the control group. Egg weight and egg mass were significantly increased in groups supplemented with different strengths of magnetized water compared with the control group and albumen (%) and albumen dry matter (%) were significantly higher of groups offered 2000 and 3000 gauss tap water. Yolk (%) was significantly higher of group on 3000 gauss tap water compared to the control group. Shell thickness was significantly increased in group received 4000 gauss tap water compared with control group. Blood serum glucose and globulin were significantly increased in groups supplemented with 2000 and 3000 gauss water compared with the control group and group supplemented with 4000 gauss water. However, all groups supplemented with different strength of magnetic water had significantly decreased albumin/ globulin ratio. Serum phosphorus level, and blood pH increased. Triiodothyronine increased significantly in groups received magnetized water compared to control and the 2000 gauss group showed the highest response. Red blood cell count (RBCs) and haemoglobin (Hgb) were significantly increased in groups supplemented with 2000 and 3000 gauss water compared with control group.It could be concluded that productive performance, physiological response and egg shell qualityof Gimmizah chicken were improved due to offering magnetized water with 2000 gauss was adequate to provide the beneficial effects.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5569_406c226ce55c0b84835fc4e15afa6bd3.pdf
magnetic-water
Gimmizah
laying
egg quality
physiological response
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
65
89
10.21608/epsj.2018.5570
5570
Original Article
THE EFFECT OF CHROMIUM PICOLINATE SUPPLEMENTATION ON IMMUNE RESPONSE AND HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS OF LAYING HENS UNDER HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS
W. Ezzat
1
E. A. Abdallah
2
A. M. Rizk
3
M. M. M. Ouda
4
Raga Abd El-karim
5
Poult .Bre. Res. Dept., Anim. Prod. Res. Instit., Minis. of Agric., Giza, Egypt
Poult .Bre. Res. Dept., Anim. Prod. Res. Instit., Minis. of Agric., Giza, Egypt
Poult .Bre. Res. Dept., Anim. Prod. Res. Instit., Minis. of Agric., Giza, Egypt
Poult .Bre. Res. Dept., Anim. Prod. Res. Instit., Minis. of Agric., Giza, Egypt
Poult .Bre. Res. Dept., Anim. Prod. Res. Instit., Minis. of Agric., Giza, Egypt
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of heat shock programs during the growth period without or with chromium picolinate (CrPic) on productive and physiological performance, blood biochemical traits as well as, immune response, heat shock proteins of Mandarah laying hens during first 90 days of egg production (EP) reared under Egyptian summer condition. Seventy hundred-one day old of unsexes Mandarah chicks were randomly divided into seven equal groups (100 chicks each). The 1st treatment was served as a control group and fed a control basal diet and reared under natural conditions. While, the chicks in 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5 th, 6 th and 7 th treatments were exposed to early heat shock (40±1 °C for 4 hours from 12.00 to 16.00 p.m. for 3-5 consecutive days). The 2nd treatment was exposed to early heat shock at 3 days of age (HSE1). Whereas, the 3rd treatment was exposed to heat shock at 3 days of + 800 μg/ CrPic/kg diet (HSE2). The 4th treatment was exposed to heat shock at 3 days and at 8 weeks of age (HSE3). The 5th treatment was exposed to heat shock at 3 days and at 8 weeks of age + 800 μg/ CrPic /kg diet (HSE4). The 6th treatment was exposed to heat shock at 3 days and at 8 and 16 weeks of age (HSE5). The 7th treatment was exposed to heat shock at 3 days and at 8, 16, weeks of age + 800 μg/ CrPic /kg diet (HSE6).The obtained results revealed that the egg production (EP) %, egg mass (EM) in hens and some semen characteristics in cocks exposed to heat shock were significantly (P≤0.05) improved in HSE6. Rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR), heterophils % and Heterophils/ lymphocyte (H/L) ratio were significantly (P≤0.05) decreased. Birds in the treatment groups exposed to heat shock in HSE5 or HSE6 were significantly (P≤0.01) increased globulin, HSP70 of Liver, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). While, Triiodothyronine (T3) and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) were significantly (P≤0.01) decreased compared to the control group.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5570_5c06907ac09a7724a58d2b796fe91aba.pdf
Heat shock programs –Chromium
Productive and physiological performance
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
91
101
10.21608/epsj.2018.5595
5595
Original Article
ROLE OF DIETARY IODINE ON MODULATING PRODUCTIVE, REPRODUCTIVE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE FOR LOCAL CHICKENS 2-DURING LAYING PERIOD
M. M. Soliman
1
S.F. Hassaan
2
H. A. H. Abd El-Halim
3
Sahar Osman
4
Dep.of Poult.Breed. Res., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza
Dep.of Poult.Breed. Res.
Dep.of Poult.Breed. Res.
Dep.of Poult. Breed.Nut. Res.Anim. Prod. Res.Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza
This experiment was conducted for a complex period of 24 wks (each of 12 wks, respectively) to investigate the effect of adding different dietary levels of iodine as calcium iodide (CaI2) on modulating some productive, reproductive and physiological parameters of Inshas strain (Egyptian developed strain). For this purpose 150 laying hens and 15 males (36 until 48 wks of age) were taken from a large flock in the 2nd period after finishing the 1st period (24-36 wks of age) that used in recording the egg production only and then divided into five equal treatment groups, each of 30 females and 3 males, with three equal replicates nearly similar in live body weight. The 1st group (T1) represented the overall mean of egg production of the flock and fed the basal diet (0.3 mg iodine/kg diet) and served as control 1, the other four groups were having an average egg production less than the overall mean by 20%. Hens were divided as follows, the 2nd group (T2) was fed the basal diet and served as control 2, while the 3rd (T3), the 4th (T4) and the 5th (T5) groups were fed the basal diet plus 1.2, 2.4 and 4.8 mg iodine/kg diet, respectively. Results indicated that iodine supplementation especially at 4.8 followed by 2.4 mg iodine/kg diet non significantly improved feed conversion ratio (g feed/g egg) and egg mass, while shell thickness was significantly (P≤0.05) improved compared to the control 2 group. Egg number and production percentage were significantly (P≤0.05) improved by iodine supplementation at 4.8 mg iodine/kg diet (T5 group) compared to the control 2 group. Moreover, significant increases were obtained for red and white blood cells count. As well, plasma total protein, albumin, globulin, T3 and T4 hormones, calcium and phosphorus salts and HDL-Ch were elevated significantly (P≤0.05) at 4.8mg iodine/kg diet. Conversely, additional iodine especially (T5 group) reduced significantly plasma concentration of total lipid, cholesterol, LDL-Ch. On the other hand, T4 and T5 groups recorded the highest values of fertility and hatchability percentage of Inshas hens.In conclusion, dietary addition of iodine as CaI2 is a practical application at 4.8mg I/kg diet to Inshas hens and had beneficial effects on productive, reproductive, physiological and hematological parameters and immune status
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5595_08bbfe9f3c96ec2cc20f990fb139ebe0.pdf
Iodine
productive
reproductive
physiological
Inshas strain
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
109
125
10.21608/epsj.2018.5596
5596
Original Article
EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTING DIET WITH SPIRULINA PLATENSIS ALGAE OR TURMERIC ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF GOLDEN MONTAZAH LAYERS
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Spirulina Platensis algae (SP) or Turmeric Powder (TP) on some antioxidants, interferon proteins, immune response and its relationship to productive performances. A total number of 150 Golden Montazah (GM) laying hens and 15 cocks were kept individually in layer's cages and distributed randomly (divided equally into 5 treatment groups) during laying period from 29 to 40 weeks of age. The 1st group (T1) was fed the basal diet and served as a control group (without supplementation). The 2nd and 3rd groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2 or 3 g SP/kg diet, respectively. However, the 4th and 5th groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 4 or 6 g TP/kg diet, respectively.The obtained results indicated that supplementing layer diet with 2, 3g Sp/kg and 6 g TP/kg significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FC) compared to the control group during the whole period (29 to 40 weeks old). Hens received diet supplemented with 3 g SP/kg or 6 TP/kg had significantly higher egg number (EN), egg weight (EW) and egg mass (EM) during the whole period than those of the control group. Feeding GM layers on diets supplemented with 3 g SP/kg or 6 g TP/kg significantly increased shell weight percentage compared to the control group. Supplementing layers diets with either SP or TP at each tested levels significantly decreased blood cholesterol, total lipids and low density lipoprotein (LDL). While 3 g SP/kg or 6 g TP/kg groups recorded significantly higher values of high density lipoprotein (HDL), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and some immunological parameters and such as antibody titers against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), Avian Influenza (AI), antibody against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and Interferon proteins (IFN-γ) concentration) compared to the control group. The averages of fertility and hatchability percentage of total eggs were significantly increased for the hens received diet supplemented with 3 g SP/kg compared to all other groups. Conclusively, it could be recommended to supply layer diets with SP or TP for better productive and reproductive performance as well as improved immune responses during the laying period.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5596_9c3bdc1bb659c240e3e7226bd6757f76.pdf
Spirulina – Turmeric – antioxidant – interferon
Immune Response
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
127
155
10.21608/epsj.2018.5597
5597
Original Article
EFFECT OF MITIGATION OF HEAT STRESS BY EARLY HEATE ACCLIMATION AND GLUTAMINE INJECTION ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS, IMMUNE RESPONSES AND SEMEN QUALITY OF SINIA MALE CHICKENS
This work aimed to enhance the resistance of cocks against hot climate by using both early heat shock exposures (HSE) and glutamine injections (GI). Eight hundred one-day old of male Sinia chicks were randomly divided into eight groups to investigate the effect of (HSE) and (GI) on some physiological parameters, immune responses and semen quality during reproductive period under heat stress conditions. The 1st group of chicks served as a control that reared under natural conditions. The 2nd group of chicks was managed thermally like the control group during growth period, while through reproductive period the cocks were exposed to heat challenge (38 ±1ºC for four hours from 12:00 till 16:00 for one day) at 24, 30 and 34 weeks of age. The 3rd group (HSE1) was exposed to early heat shock (41 ±1ºC for four hours from 12:00 till 16:00 for 3 consecutive days) at age of 3 days similarly, the 4th group (HSE2) received the same early heat stress, in addition to GI (0.75 mg/kg weight intra peritoneal injection) at age of two days. The 5th group (HSE3) was exposed to heat shock (41 ±1ºC for four hours from 12:00 till 16:00 for 3 consecutive days) at age of 3 days and 35 days. Also, 6th group of chicks (HSE4) received heat shock two times (at age of 3 and 35 days) and two GI (0.75 mg/kg weight intra peritoneal injection) at 2 and 34 days of age. Three times of heat shock (41 ±1ºC for four hours from 12:00 till 16:00 for 3 consecutive days) were applied to chicks of 7th group (HSE5) at 3, 35 and 112 days of age. Similar schedule of heat shock was applied to 8th group (HSE6) that received also, three times of GI (0.75 mg/kg weight intra peritoneal injection) at 2, 34 and 111 days of age. During reproductive period, HSE1, HSE2, HSE3, HSE4, HSE5 and HSE6 groups were reared under natural conditions and they were exposed to heat challenge at 24, 30 and 34 weeks of age (similar to that applied for the second group. 38 ±1ºC for four hours from 12:00 till 16:00 for one day). Cocks of 8th group (HSE6) expressed the best level (P<0.05) of heat shock protien70 (HSP70) as well as all other measured parameters compared to control and other groups.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5597_f3cb90b05d0bf1604d32f4556040a408.pdf
Early Heat shock exposures
Glutamine
Cocks and Heat shock protein70
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
157
177
10.21608/epsj.2018.5598
5598
Original Article
IMPACT OF STRAIN, EGG TYPE, BREEDER AGE AND THEIR INTERACTIONS ON HATCHING TRAITS AND CHICK QUALITY
G.N. Rayan
1
Dep. of Poult. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Uni., Cairo, Egypt
Eight hundred hatching eggs from two Hy-Line chicken strains (400 Brown and 400 W-36) were acquired from two layer breeder ages (46 and 60 weeks). In each age there are four egg types (normal, large, rough and shape abnormality), each type containing fifty hatching eggs from each age either for Brown or W-36 chicken strains. Thus, this experiment was a 2×2×4 factorial design. There were no significant differences between strains for relative egg weight loss. Egg weight loss (%) increases with the breeder age. Relative egg weight loss was significantly higher in rough and abnormal eggs compared to their counterparts. Rough eggs type of brown strain of brown strain of brown strain of brown strain of brown strain of brown strain of brown strain of brown strain at different breeder age had the lowest fertility and hatchability percentages compared to other egg types. Abnormal shape egg type had the lowest value of shape index. Brown chickens produced eggs had significantly higher relative eggshell weight compared to the white one. Shell percentaShell percenta Shell percentaShell percentaShell percentaShell percenta Shell percentaShell percentaShell percentaShell percentaShell percentaShell percentage significantly decreases with advancing of hen's age. White eggs significantly recorded higher total pores per egg (7583) compared to the brown one (7249). Total pores significantly increases with breeder age. Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was Large egg type was significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in significantly higher in total pores otal pores otal pores otal pores otal pores otal pores otal pores compared to compared to compared to compared to compared to compared to compared to compared to other egg types.other egg types.other egg types. other egg types. other egg types.other egg types.other egg types. other egg types.other egg types.other egg types. other egg types.other egg types. Eggs with rough shell type had the highest embryonic mortality percentage in early stage (0-7 d of incubation) for each brown and W-36 strains at different ages, followed by eggs with shape abnormality compared to other egg types. Large egg type was significantly higher in hatched chick weight (46.85 g), then shape abnormality (41.12 g). There were no significant differences between strains for Tona score as indication of chick quality. Tona score decreased as the layer breeder age progressed. Rough egg type had the lowest value of Tona score (78.25 %); whereas, no significant difference was observed between other studied egg types (normal; 99.80, large; 95.65, and abnormal; 95.25 %). Tona score was significantly affected by all potential interactions, that means the expression of this trait was different based on strain, layer breeder age and egg type. It could be concluded that practically we can benefit from large and shape abnormality eggs, because there is no significant difference between them and normal eggs for most eggshell characteristics, chick quality and fertility & hatchability percentages.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5598_fcb497423666f931a4f99b4a061e34ef.pdf
Strain
Egg type
breeder age
Chick quality
hatching traits
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
179
194
10.21608/epsj.2018.5599
5599
Original Article
GENETIC AND PRODUCTIVE STUDIES ON EGYPTIAN LOCAL AND EXOTIC LAYING HEN BREEDS
Poultry production plays an important role as a source of cheap and high quality animal protein in Egypt. A 30 laying hens at 34 weeks age from each of Fayoumi, RIR and WL chicken breeds were evaluated for body weight and egg production traits. RIR recorded a significant heavier body weight while WL chickens recorded the highest and significant mean for egg number during the period of study. Fayoumi recorded the highest values for yolk index and yolk percentage. Fayoumi showed higher and significant values for most of the external egg quality characteristics compared to RIR and WL breeds. Blood samples were collected from the wing vein of 25 hens from each breed for DNA extraction and microsatellite genetic analysis. The highest value of expected heterozygosity (0.617) was obtained for Fayoumi breeds. The inbreeding coefficient (FIS) was ranged from 0.084 to 0.156 with an average 0.124. The neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree showed closer relation between Fayoumi and WL. The low production traits of Fayoumi breed might be improved by crossbreeding with exotic breeds such as RIR and WL chickens. We confirm the efficiency of microsatellites for genetic characterization of Egyptian chicken breeds.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5599_3975140f53fd395ff6de9eccc4c3bce9.pdf
Body weight – Chicken
DNA
Egg-production
Microsatellite
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
195
205
10.21608/epsj.2018.5600
5600
Original Article
EFFECT OF LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE (LED) LIGHT COLOR ON TESTICULAR GROWTH, CIRCULATING TESTOSTERONE CONCENTRATION AND SPERM QUALITY IN DANDARAWI ROOSTERS
M. A. M. Sayed
1
Mostafa Abdelfatah
2
Dep.of Poult. Prod.Fac. of Agric., Assiut Uni., Assiut 71526, Egypt.
Dep.of Poult. Prod.Fac. of Agric., Assiut Uni., Assiut 71526, Egypt.
The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposing pre-mature Dandarawi roosters to different light-emitting diode (LED) light colors on testicular development, serum testosterone levels, and sperm motility and velocity. Seventy-five roosters, 16 weeks old, were assigned to 5 experimental groups each with three replicates of five birds per pen. Roosters of each experimental group were subjected to a different light color using Nine-watt red, yellow, green, blue and white LED bulbs from 16 to 36 weeks of age. Twenty-five semen pools were obtained over the last ten weeks (5 pools from each treatment) to evaluate sperm motility and velocity. Blood serum was collected to evaluate testosterone levels and the testicular growth was assessed. The results showed that green light hindered the testicular growth and had adverse effects on almost all studied semen traits (P<0.05). Both green and blue light significantly lowered circulating testosterone levels compared to other experimental groups (P<0.0001). Roosters subjected to red light exhibited significantly higher percentages of total and progressive motile spermatozoa, a greater number of spermatozoa per ml, higher values of curve linear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP) and straight linear velocity (VSL) and finally lower percentages of slow sperm as compared with roosters exposed to green, blue and white light. Roosters exposed to yellow light showed comparable results of testicular growth, serum testosterone concentrations and percentages of total motile, progressive and rapid spermatozoa to those exposed to red light. These results indicate that red and yellow light has better effects on reproduction and sperm quality than white and blue light, and that green light imposes adverse effects on reproduction in Dandarawi roosters.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5600_8e6c77e6778689dad7bb65868f205faf.pdf
light color
testicular development
testosterone concentrations
Sperm quality
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
207
222
10.21608/epsj.2018.5601
5601
APPLICATION OF PREBIOTICS AS FEED ADDITIVES IN POULTRY NUTRITION
Since the EU banned antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry nutrition, many researches has been conducted to explore the use of possible effective substitutes. Prebiotic products are incorporated in poultry feed to replace AGPs in order to stimulate or promote the effective use of feed nutrients which may subsequently result in more higher production rates and improved feed efficiency and induce the growth and activity of beneficial microorganism. Moreover, prebiotic may improve digestion and stimulate the immune system in poultry. Consequently, several researches were performed to confirm their beneficial qualities. Productive performance that were dominantly observed and analyzed are feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. Most of the trials showed slight positive effects, however significant results were rare. Since there are almost unlimited possibilities concerning dosage and products of prebiotic there is still more research needed. Therefore, it is necessary to define and declare the composition of prebiotic used in experiments. Generally, it can be stated that prebiotic have the potential to be considered as an alternative to AGPs in poultry nutrition. Nevertheless, there is still further research under more standardized condition needed to evaluate the right dosage and the exact mechanism of actions.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5601_1882c6beaae624229806a519c3fbbab3.pdf
prebiotic
productive
nutrient digestibility
Microbial populations-Poultry
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
223
239
10.21608/epsj.2018.5602
5602
Original Article
EFFECT OF ORGANIC ACIDS SUPPLEMENTATION ON NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY, GUT MICROBIOTA AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF BROILER CHICKS
Faten Attia
famattia@yahoo.com
1
Animal department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismallia, Egypt
This study aimed to investigate the effect of citric (CA) and fumaric (FA) acids (0, 15 and 30 g/kg diet for each) on nutrients digestibility, the population of bacteria inhabiting the gut, histopathological changes in the intestine and lymphoid organs and meat physical characteristics of broilers. One–hundred twenty-one-day old unsexed "Cobb" chicks were randomly distributed into five treatments of three replicates eight chicks each. Control (no additives), 15 g CA, 30 g CA, 15 g FA and 30 g FA were evaluated from 0 to 6 weeks of age. Dry matter, crude protein (CP), ash, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) apparent digestibility were significantly improved by 30 g FA/kg diet compared to the control. Fumaric acid at 30 g/kg diet showed higher ether extract, and nitrogen free extract apparent digestibility compared to the control. A significant increment in P and a non-significant higher CP, ash, and Ca apparent digestibility were noticed in 30 g CA/kg diet compared to the control. A significant reduction in total bacterial and total Enterobacteriaceae counts in all acid treatments compared to the control, with the least count in 30 g FA/kg diet group. The ileum of organic acids treated birds expressed a healthy intestinal structure with an abundance of goblet cell proliferation. Lymphoid organs showed mild to moderate hyperplasia of their lymphoid follicles indicating immune response improvements. It could be concluded that acids supplementation improved gut microbiota, immune response and apparent nutrients digestibility.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5602_a53c2535bb44e1f6d4e6e4328e1ea6ad.pdf
Broilers –Citric
Fumaric acid
Nutrient digestibility- Meat characteristics
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
241
254
10.21608/epsj.2018.5603
5603
Original Article
EFFECT OF DRIED MORINGA LEAVES AS ANTIBIOTIC ALTERNATIVE ON PERFORMANCE OF WEANING CALIFORNIAN RABBITS
The present study aimed to compare the response to supplementing dried moringa leaves (DML) at 0.0, 0.25, 0.50 or 0.75% of the diet or Neo-tetramycin (antimicrobial growth promoter; AGP) added at 3g/l drinking water on performance, nutrients digestibility and blood constituents of 5-week weaning Californian rabbits up to 13 weeks of age. A total of 45 rabbits averaged 640g were used in this study. Rabbits were y equally divided into 5 treatments (4 males +5 females/treatment). All rabbits were kept under the same managerial conditions and never treated with vaccination or medication throughout the experimental period. Results revealed that DML at the rate of 0.50% was significantly the highest final live body weight and total live weight gain as compared to other treatments. All DML groups significantly had higher total feed intake than the control, while no significant with Neo-tetramycin group. Supplemented DML and Neo-tetramycin groups significantly showed better feed conversion ratio compared to the control, and the best results were for rabbits fed 0.5% supplemental DML diet, followed by 0.25% and 0.75% groups.Incorporation of DML in diets significantly improved digestibility coefficient of crude fiber (CF) and ether extract (EE) while it decreased digestibility of nitrogen free extract (NFE) and had no significant effect on dry matter, organic matter and crude protein digestibilities compared to the control and Neo-tetramycin groups. Plasma total protein, albumin and HDL-cholesterol were significantly increased, while plasma total lipids, tri-glycerides, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, creatinine and liver ALT and AST were decreased by further increasing DML inclusion level compared to antibiotic and control groups. Also, plasma total antioxidant capacity significantly increased by increasing DML levels in rabbit diets in comparison with antibiotic and control groups.It is concluded that supplemental dried moringa leaves at the rate of 0.5 or 0.75% of the diet improved growth performance and health status of the rabbits.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5603_65660b0208537894ffe81053a66c0b90.pdf
Rabbit
Dried moringa leaves
performance
Blood
nutrient digestibility
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
255
267
10.21608/epsj.2018.5604
5604
Original Article
EFFECT OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SOYBEAN MEAL BY MORINGA OLEIFERA SEED MEAL ON JAPANESE QUAIL PERFORMANCE DURING LAYING PERIOD
The objective of this study was to determine the response to partial substitution of Moringa oleifera seed meal (MOSM) instead of soybean meal on Japanese quail laying performance; egg production, egg quality, some plasma constituents and reproductive performance. A total of 180 quails with 45 birds per treatment, each had 3 replicates (10 hens and 5 cocks each) of 9 week-old were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments as follows: non (control), 5, 7.5 and 10% MOSM of the diet. Quail laying performance was monitored over a period of 12 wks. Results obtained can be summarized as follows: The inclusion of 7.5 and 10 % MOSM significantly (P≤0.05) had higher feed consumption for the overall period compared to 5%MOSM, while all levels of MOSM significantly improved (P≤0.05) FCR compared to the control. Also, egg production % was increased with 7.5% MOSM than the other treatments. Egg mass was significantly (P≤0.05) higher for all levels of MOSM groups compared to the control, while egg weight was significantly increased with feeding 5% MOSM compared to the other treatments. Feeding quail layer on all levels of MOSM significantly (P≤0.05) improved the following egg traits compared to the control; egg internal quality unit, albumen height and yolk index. Also, 7.5 and 10% MOSM in the diets improved significantly the blood hematological parameters of white and red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrite % compared to the control group. The birds fed 7.5 and 10 % MOSM recorded significantly (P≤0.05) the highest value for total protein and globulin. On the other hand, using 7.5 % MOSM decreased A/G ratio compared to other treatments. Plasma lipid profile,total lipid and liver enzymes were significantly reduced (P≤0.05) but HDL and total antioxidant capacity were incrased when quail layer fed different levels of MOSM compared to the control. Reproductive performance significantly (P≤0.05) improved by feeding diets containing MOSM.It could be concluded that, the diet containing MOSM at 5, 7.5 and 10% of the diet laying improved egg performance, egg quality, HDL values, total antioxidant capacity and reproductive performance of Japanese quail.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5604_c50d71218fdc7c2ddf9521d7dfc6c829.pdf
Moringa seed meal – performance –blood –reproductive
Japanese quail
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
269
288
10.21608/epsj.2018.5665
5665
Original Article
PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, BLOOD PARAMETERS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF BROILER CHICKENS SUPPLEMENTED WITH GRAPE SEED AND MEDICAGO SATIVA AS NATURAL SOURCES OF POLYPHENOLS
A total number of 216 unsexed one day old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly divided to six dietary treatments with 6 replicated cages of 6 birds each to investigate the effect of grape seed (GS) and medicago sativa seed (MSS) as sources of natural polyphenols compared with Vitamin E (Vit. E) on productive performance, blood parameters and immune response of broiler chickens. The 1st group was fed a basal diet without supplementation (control), while the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 200 IU Vit. E, 0.5, 1.0 gm GS powder, 0.5 and 1% MSS / Kg diet, respectively. Results showed that broilers fed basal diet supplemented with natural sources of polyphenols had greater body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake and better feed conversion ratio (FCR), economical efficiency, production index compared to Vit. E and control groups. All supplementations decreased serum urea, creatinine, AST, ALT, total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL and increased T3,T4, glucose, HDL, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), RBC’s count, hemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), WBC’s, and Lymphocytes, total protein (TP), β and γ-globulin, globulin, IgA, IgM, IgG, Lysozyme activity (LA), Bactericidal activity (BA), Lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), Phagocytic activity (PA), Phagocytic index (PI), interferon-gamma (IFNγ), interleukin-2 (IL2) and interleukin-10 (IL10) compared to control. All supplementations increased percentage of dressing and total edible parts compared with control. Moreover, all supplementations decreased total bacterial count, Salmonella, E.Coli and proteus compared to control.In conclusion, natural source of polyphenols either grape seed or medicago sativa seeds could be used safely to improve productive performance, economical efficiency and immune response of broiler chickens, but this experience needs to many studies.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5665_bdfb357cd87309ab376b95b82ea553ef.pdf
Broiler-natural polyphenols-growth performance- immunology
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
289
304
10.21608/epsj.2018.5666
5666
Original Article
EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF PREBIOTIC, BETAINE AND THEIR COMBINATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT DIGESTIBILITY, CARCASS CRITERIA AND CECUM MICROBIAL POPULATION OF DUCKS UNDER HOT ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
M.M.N. Ahmed
1
Z.S.H. Ismail
2
A.A.A. Abdel-Wareth
3
Dep. of Anim. and Poult. Prod., Fac. of Agric., South Valley Uni., 83523 Qena, Egypt
Dep. of Anim. and Poult. Prod., Fac. of Agric., South Valley Uni., 83523 Qena, Egypt
Dep. of Anim. and Poult. Prod., Fac. of Agric., South Valley Uni., 83523 Qena, Egypt
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of prebiotic, betaine and their combination in duck diets on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass criteria and cecum microbial population of ducks under hot environmental conditions. Treatment groups were fed on a control diet, the control diet supplemented with prebiotic as Bio mannanoligosaccharides (Bio MOS, 1 g/kg), the control diet supplemented with Betaine (1.5 g/kg) and the control diet supplemented with a combination of Bio MOS (1 g/kg) and Betaine (1.5 g/kg). A total of 80 Mollar ducks (average weight = 620.91 g, 20 day of age) were randomly assigned into 4 equal treatment. Each treatment was sub-divided into 5 replicates pens (4 ducks per pen) for 35 day from 20th of April to 25th of May 2017 in open house. Supplementation of Bio MOS and Betaine, separately as well as combined, significantly improved growth performance and feed conversion ratio. Digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber had significantly increased by the three additions. Total count of E.coli bacteria had decreased significantly and the total count of lactobacillus bacteria had increased significantly in prebiotic and combination treatments. Carcass weight, dressing percentage, intestinal weight and live body weight had improved significantly by the three treatments comparison with control one, however, liver, heart, spleen, gizzard, cecum and head weight didn’t affect by the additions.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5666_8cae1dc08692420e26e08591f87b695e.pdf
Prebiotic – Betaine – Performance
carcass criteria
Microbial population
Ducks
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
305
329
10.21608/epsj.2018.5667
5667
Original Article
EFFECT OF SILYMARIN SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF DEVELOPED CHICKENS UNDER SUMMER CONDITIONS 1-DURING GROWTH PERIOD
A. Abdalla
1
B. Abou-Shehema
bahaashehema@yahoo.com
2
Rawia, Hamed
3
M. Elden
4
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Min. of Agric, Egypt.
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Min. of Agric, Egypt.
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Min. of Agric, Egypt.
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Min. of Agric, Egypt.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum) as a phytoantioxidant for improving the performance of Gimmizah cockerels during summer season (18 June –26 August, 2017). One hundred and twenty five Gimmizah cockerels aged 21-day were individually weighed and randomly divided into five treatment groups. Each treatment was represented by five replicates, of 5 cockerels each and housed in 25 rearing cages (open system) until the end of the experiment (91 day of age). The first group was used as a control and fed the unsupplied basal diet (without any agent). The second group was fed the basal diet supplemented with vitamin E (150 mg VE /kg diet) as an immunomodulator nutrient. The third group was fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5g commercial silymarin (SLM) /kg diet. The fourth and the fifth groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 12.5 and 25g of fine grind aerial parts of milk thistle plant (MTh) /kg diet as a natural source of SLM (represented 0.5 and 1g SLM /kg diet, respectively). Diets were kept isocaloric and cover nutrient requirements of the experimental birds. All birds received feed and water ad-libitum throughout the experimental period. The chemical analysis indicated that MTh contain 188.5 mg of total polyphenols and 320 mg of antioxidant activity /100g sample. Body weight of cockerels fed diet supplied with different agents was significantly increased compared to the control group through all experimental periods. In addition, the group supplied with 25 g MTh /kg diet induced the highest BW and BWG followed by those supplied with VE. Supplementation of cockerels diet with different agents significantly improved feed intake and feed conversion ratio during the whole experimental period compared to the control group. The results indicated that the relative weights of dressing, liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius and testes significantly increased for the groups supplied with different agents compared to the control group. Moreover, the group supplied with 25g MTh /kg diet significantly increased relative weight of liver and bursa of Fabricius compared with the other experimental groups. Supplying cockerels diets with different agents significantly improved all blood biochemical constituents compared to the control group. However, diet supplied with both levels of MTh significantly improved the liver function (AST, ALT and ALP) and significantly decreased lipid profile (total lipids, triglycerides and cholesterol) compared with the group fed diet supplied with VE and the control groups. Diets supplied with different agents significantly improved TAC, GSH, MDA, lymphocyte, the heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio), phagocytic activity and phagocytic index compared to the control.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5667_52daeac5859104d584808d1905a720d8.pdf
Cockerels-Milk thistle-Silymarin- Performance-Carcass-Antioxidant
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2018-03-01
38
1
11
33
10.21608/epsj.2018.5710
5710
Original Article
PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF PEKIN AND DOMYATI DUCKS TO DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF EXCESS IODINE DURING LAYING PERIOD
A total number of 132 (108 females and 24 males) ducks of both Pekin and Domyati at 24 weeks of age were assigned randomly into four treatment groups with three replicates of each (9 females and 2 males), to evaluate the effect of iodine supplementation to the duck diets on productive and physiological performance during laying period. The four experimental groups were as follow: The control group (C) received basal diet contained 0.3 mg iodine/ kg diet, while groups 2, 3 and 4 received the basal diet supplemented with 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg iodine/ kg diet, respectively.
The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
1-The best (p≤0.05) egg number was recorded for Pekin ducks during the whole experimental periods.
2-The Domyati ducks recorded significantly heavier egg weight throughout the experimental periods compared to Pekin ducks.
3-Iodine supplementation (2.0, 1.5, and 1.0 mg/kg diet) resulted in a significant increase in egg weight at the whole experimental period compared to the control one.
4-The Domyati ducks fed diet contained 1.5 mg CaI/kg diet pronounced the best (p≤0.05) egg number/ duck and egg weight, whereas, Pekin ducks fed of 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet recorded the same trend in respect of egg number and egg weight.
5-Birds fed 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet had the best value of feed consumption.
6-Birds fed 1.5 and 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet recorded significantly the best feed conversion ratio compared to other groups.
7-Iodine level treatments (1.0 and 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet) significantly improved the hatchability of set and fertile eggs compared to other treatment groups.
8-Dietary iodine supplementation, generally improved blood parameters and hematology traits without any adverse effects.
It is concluded that dietary supplementation of excess iodine (Calcium iodate) at a level of 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg diet to local Domyati breed and Pekin ducks diets, respectively could be recommended to improve their physiological and productive performance during laying period.
A total number of 132 (108 females and 24 males) ducks of both Pekin and Domyati at 24 weeks of age were assigned randomly into four treatment groups with three replicates of each (9 females and 2 males), to evaluate the effect of iodine supplementation to the duck diets on productive and physiological performance during laying period. The four experimental groups were as follow: The control group (C) received basal diet contained 0.3 mg iodine/ kg diet, while groups 2, 3 and 4 received the basal diet supplemented with 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg iodine/ kg diet, respectively.
The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
1-The best (p≤0.05) egg number was recorded for Pekin ducks during the whole experimental periods.
2-The Domyati ducks recorded significantly heavier egg weight throughout the experimental periods compared to Pekin ducks.
3-Iodine supplementation (2.0, 1.5, and 1.0 mg/kg diet) resulted in a significant increase in egg weight at the whole experimental period compared to the control one.
4-The Domyati ducks fed diet contained 1.5 mg CaI/kg diet pronounced the best (p≤0.05) egg number/ duck and egg weight, whereas, Pekin ducks fed of 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet recorded the same trend in respect of egg number and egg weight.
5-Birds fed 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet had the best value of feed consumption.
6-Birds fed 1.5 and 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet recorded significantly the best feed conversion ratio compared to other groups.
7-Iodine level treatments (1.0 and 2.0 mg CaI/kg diet) significantly improved the hatchability of set and fertile eggs compared to other treatment groups.
8-Dietary iodine supplementation, generally improved blood parameters and hematology traits without any adverse effects.
It is concluded that dietary supplementation of excess iodine (Calcium iodate) at a level of 1.5 and 2.0 mg/kg diet to local Domyati breed and Pekin ducks diets, respectively could be recommended to improve their physiological and productive performance during laying period.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5710_7b453d264bf4a5ad36e5ce592ce27df7.pdf
Iodine – Ducks – Productive
blood constituents
Egg production