ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
IMPACT OF DIETARY CRUDE GLYCERIN ON LIVER METABOLISM OF JAPANESE QUAIL (COUTRNIX COTURNIX JAPONICA)
Two experiments were executed to study the impact of crude glycerin as an energy source in replacement of diet in Japanese quail on liver metabolism. In the first experiment, a total number of 180 newly hatched Japanese quail were used in a six-week study. The birds were randomly distributed into 4 experimental groups representing 4 dietary levels including crude glycerin 0% (control), 5%, 10% and 15% with three replicates 15 birds each. In the second experiment, a total number of 72 adult Japanese quail at 6 weeks of age were used in a ten week study. The birds were randomly distributed into 4 experimental groups (12 females and 6 males) representing the same dietary levels of crude glycerin used with the first experiment with three replicates 6 birds for each. In each experiment the liver fat percentage was significantly (p≤0.05) increased, while liver glycogen and hepatic cellular oxygen consumption decreased with increasing dietary glycerin levels. However, in the first experiment, male quail fed 15% glycerin showed higher creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels compared to those fed other glycerin levels. Liver histological sections revealed fatty liver changes with increasing dietary glycerin levels. In conclusion, the results showed that the crude glycerin can be used as alternative energy source to replace (ex:corn) in growing and laying Japanese quail diets to the maximum level of 5% without adverse effects on liver metabolism.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5384_d6382147674ea28089afeb9a110fc3c2.pdf
2017-09-01
667
683
10.21608/epsj.2017.5384
Crude glycerin
Liver metabolism
Liver glycogen
Japanese quail
hisham
dhokry
hishameg53_1@yahoo.com
1
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Uni., Nassr City, Cairo, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF DIETARY GREEN TEA AND DRIED SEAWEED ON PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS DURING LATE PHASE OF PRODUCTION
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary green tea and dried seaweeds supplementation for local Sinai hens at late phase of production (52-64 wks of age) on egg production, egg quality, physiological and immunological performance. Two hundred and seventy Sinai hens-52 wks-old were randomly assigned to 9 equal experimental treatments (30 hens each were divided into equal three replicates). Experimental groups were fed as follows: the first group fed a basal diet (control group),the second and third groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with green tea by 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively, the fourth and fifth groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with brown seaweed by 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively, the sixth and seventh groups were fed a basal diet supplemented with green seaweed 0.1% and 0.2% , respectively and the eighth and ninth group were fed a basal diet supplemented with red seaweed by 0.1% and 0.2%,.The obtained results indicated that, live body weight (LBW) of Sinai hens at 64 wks of age and change in body weight (CBW) during the experimental period were significantly improved with green tea as compared with the control diet. Laying rate, and egg mass were significantly improved by green tea and dried seaweed supplementation as compared to the control group. Feed consumption (FC) was increased by supplementing green tea and dried seaweed, however, feed conversation ratio was improved compared to the control without significant differences during the experimental period. Serum total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides and total lipids values were significantly decreased, while, HDL cholesterol was significantly increased for different dietary supplementations as compared to the control group. Supplementing green tea and dried green seaweed had a significant effects on serum total protein, albumin and globulin as compared to the control group. Liver and kidney functions were improved by addition of green tea and seaweed to hen’s diet. Therefore, dietary supplementation of green or red seaweeds by 0.1% to laying hens diet at the late phase of production could be used to improve egg production, egg quality, physiological and immunological performance of Sinai laying hens
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7534_9ced427a59dcf06f8af2f98e54f29b68.pdf
2017-08-31
685
706
10.21608/epsj.2017.7534
Sinai hens
Laying performance
green tea and dried seaweeds
yaser
rizk
yaser_sr2000@yahoo.com
1
animal production research anstitute
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EVALUATION OF SPIRULINA ALGAE (SPIRULINA PLATENSIS) AS A FEED SUPPLEMENT FOR JAPANESE QUAIL: NUTIRITIONAL EFFECTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, EGG PRODUCTION, EGG QUALITY, BLOOD METABOLITES, SPERM-EGG PENETRATION AND FERTILITY
This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional impacts of Spirulina platensis supplementation in the feed and drinking water of the Japanese quail during the growing and laying periods. One-hundred-twenty Japanese quails (14 days old) were housed in twelve battery cages, which were randomly corresponded to three treatments: a basal mash diet (BMD) (control group), a BMD plus 1% Spirulina platensis, and a BMD plus 0.25% of Spirulina in the drinking water. The growth performance was evaluated between the 2nd and 6th week of age, then the egg production parameters and fertility rates were investigated during the following seven weeks. The Spirulina powder used in this study had 95.40% dry matter, 54.70% crude protein, 2.58% ether extract, and 1.58% crude fiber. During the growing period, the results showed that the birds provided with Spirulina powder at 1% in the feed (T1) and at 0.25% in the drinking water (T2) had higher (P<0.05) body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) values than those of the control group. The total FI of T1 was higher (P<0.05) than those of the control and T2 (505.1 vs. 515.6 and 504.9 g). Besides, both of Spirulina treatments had better feed conversion ratios than that of the control group (3.3 and 3.3 versus 3.6 feed: gain). During the laying period, the Spirulina supplementation in feed or in water did not show significant (P≥0.05) effects on the egg laying rate, egg weight, daily egg mass, feed intake, feed conversion (g feed: g egg) as compared with the control group. Finally, the birds supplemented with Spirulina treatments had lesser serum cholesterol and free fatty acid levels, and displayed higher fertility values (P<0.05) than that of the control group. In conclusion, the addition of Spirulina to the feed and/ or to the drinking water of the Japanese quail had beneficial effects on growth performance and fertility, while it did not show any significant (P≥0.05) impact on the egg production, egg quality, or dressing percentage.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7535_96a9a713e2a790e8ac7a06bf757480db.pdf
2017-09-01
707
719
10.21608/epsj.2017.7535
Blue microalgae
feed supplement
Growth
quail production, egg quality
F.M.K
Abouelezz
abollez@aun.edu.eg
1
Poult. Prod. Dept Fac. Agric., Assiut Uni. Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
NUTRITIONAL MODIFICATION to ALLEVIATE HEAT STRESS and ENHANCE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE of JAPANESE QUAIL SUBJECTED to HIGH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
This study was conducted to examine the effect of substituting 15, 20, 25and 30 % of energy supplied by corn in a control diet with energy from by-product ofpalm oil extraction (POE) to enhance productive performance and combat heat stress ofJapanese quail. A total of 375, 7-d old Japanese quail chicks were randomly distributedfollowing a completely randomized design into 5 treatment groups (N = 75 chicks/group).Each treatment having three replications (n=25 chicks/ replicate). Results indicated thatlive weight and gain differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) among treatment groups. While feedintake, protein and energy intake insignificantly affected. However, FCR recorded thebest values for birds fed diet inclusion different levels of POE compared with controlgroup. No mortalities observed among the treatments along the experimental period.Moreover, there were improvements for most hematological and biochemical parametersdue to feeding POE. Therefore, lipid profile significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased, when POEincreased in the diets. The findings showed that the histomorphometric parameterssignificantly (P ≤0.05) improved due to feeding POE. The highest economical efficiencyobserved for groups fed diets inclusion different levels of POE. Therefore, on the basis ofthe current results, we concluded that adding by-product POE up to 30% to the quail dietshas no adverse effect on their productive performance or physiological status as well asthe addition of POE gets higher economic efficiency.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7536_85e10c5f18b7729e46c4433a1e649b57.pdf
2017-09-01
721
746
10.21608/epsj.2017.7536
by- product palm oil extraction
Growth performance
Japanese quail
abdelazeem
abdelazeem
abdelazeem.fahmy@yahoo.com
1
1Facu. of Agric., Al-Azhar Uni., Naser City, Cairo, Egypt2
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
THE EFFECTS OF EARLY POST-HATCH NUTRITION ON BROILER PERFORMANCE
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of early feeding in hatcher baskets and chick boxes with and without experimental materials on broiler growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters and economical efficiency. A total number of 1980 eggs produced from Arber Acres plus (AA+) breed were incubated and randomly divided into equal 4 groups of nearly similar means of egg weight (EW) each with replicates for each treatment. Eggs were hatched in hatcher baskets with experimental materials. Only 420 day-old broilers male (AA+) chicks were divided into four feeding trials. The Experimental diets were distributed as following: control without feed at hatchery; boiled egg whites; (BEW), pieces of fruit orange (OF) and pre-starter diet (PS) were put at hatcher basket and chicks boxes. Live performance measurements for each feeding period were measured and/or calculated in terms of live body weight (LBW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), growth rate (GR), performance index (PI) and mortality rate. Also, European efficiency factor; carcass parameters, blood plasma constituents, and economical efficiency (EEf). Increasing body weight, feed intake due to early access to feed especially in OF and PS groups, meanwhile, BWG, FCR and GR for early feeding groups BWE, OF and PS were significantly improved compared to control. Performance Index and European efficiency factor were improved with early feed by OF and PS diets groups. Gastrointestinal tract length was increased by early feeding of OF and PS diets. Data indicated that chicks in OF and PS groups recorded the best values for dressing percentage , deboning ratio; thigh meat ratio and breast meat ratio compared to chick groups fed control or BEW at the end of experimental periods. Blood parameters as affected by EF using different experimental diets (OF, PS and BEW) showed higher values in experimental treatments than control. From economical point of view, it can be concluded that early feeding with OF and PS value for hatched chicks could be recommend for realizing best results of performance
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7537_de95fe1d626d8ec2904f3fa10974f679.pdf
2017-09-01
747
760
10.21608/epsj.2017.7537
early feeding
broiler
Growth performance
carcass
niamat
elabd
niamat.elabd@esri.usc.edu.eg
1
Environmental Studies and Res Inst., (ESRI), Uni. of Sadat City, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON POSSIBLE EFFECT OF PLECTRANTHUS SPP. EXTRACT ON HISTOPATHOLOGY AND PERFORMANCE OF BROILERS CHICKEN INFECTED BY EIMERIA TENELLA IN TAIZ CITY, YEMEN.
Coccidia specie is classified under the subkingdom protozoa of the phylum Apicomplexia genus Eimeria. Coccidiosis is a self-limiting, infectious disease of the digestive tract caused by host specific. Eimeria tenella (E. tenella) is the most pathogenic species of Eimeria which infected chickens. The aim of the present study was to examine the histopathological changes on the caecum of chicken infected with E. tenella and treated with some Yemeni herbal drug (Plectranthus spp.).
Some Yemeni`s herbals have strong effects on the inflammatory disease, fever and internal parasites and some species of protozoa such as coccidia. Aqueous extract of Plectranthus spp. was used to determine their effect on the cecal coccidiosis of chicken. Thirty broiler chickens aged 20 days were divided into 3 groups: Ten birds each. Each bird in groups A & B was challenge orally with 15,000 sporulated oocysts of E. tenella while, group C used as “negative control group” not infected / not treated. Nine day post-infected, group B was treated with extract Plectranthus spp. herbals of 15 mg/ kg for 15 days after the bloody diarrhea was seen. Group A didn’t treat.
The dropping was examined to notice the decreased in the oocysts numbers and the change in body weight among groups. Histopathological changes and damage of the tissue infused by the parasite in both groups A & B and the effect of herbals amelioration on the tissues was also studied and compare them with group C. Hematoxine & Eosin techniques for histopathological experiments and McMaster techniques for oocyst counting, The effects of herbal plants (Plectranthus) illustrated particularly in treated chickens after experimentally infected with E. tenella a positive anticoccidial herbal drugs activity where it has repaired some lesion, damaged and decreased some destruction in caecum tissue of chickens
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7575_7e84f081b54fd397f93fc74d78329a9d.pdf
2017-09-01
761
777
10.21608/epsj.2017.7575
Coccidia
Caecum
chicken
Histopathological
Herbal drugs
Plectranthus
badria
Abdul Wasae
b_wasae2013@yahoo.com
1
Dep. of Biol., Fac. of Applied Sci., Taiz Uni.P.O.Box:4942
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE IN LOCAL CHICKEN AFTER FIVE GENERATIONS OF CROSSING AND SELECTION FOR HIGH LIVE BODY WEIGHT
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of selection on the productive performance of local chicken line, Giza M-2 line, after 5 generations of selection for increasing 6-week live body weight (LBW). The performance of Giza M-2 and Random Bred Control (RBC) lines; LBW, LBW at sexual maturity (BWSM), egg number (EN), egg weight (EW), and first egg weight (FEW) were evaluated at the 3rd (G3), 4th (G4), and 5th (G5) generations. The Random Bred Control line (RBC) was used as a control group. The results could be summarized as follow: There was significant improvement in 6-week LBW for Giza M-2 line from one generation to the next. The difference between Giza M-2 line and RBC line was 358 g after five generations of selection for increasing 6-week LBW. Also, females of Giza M-2 line had significantly higher BMSW, EN, EW, and FEW with comparison to the RBC line for all generations. In conclusion, there was positive response in LBW and egg productive performance in Giza M-2 line associated with our breeding program. Also, selection in Giza M-2 line may had large impact on frequency of genes controlling economically important traits, such as LBW and reproduction. In Giza M-2 line, future generations, to achieve proper meat production, we will focus on genetic selection of traits relevant to modern broiler breeding.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7733_54b078978f3b721b3a5647bdb38a5f80.pdf
2017-09-01
779
813
10.21608/epsj.2017.7733
Broiler breeders
body weight
Egg production
selection
sexual maturity
farid
naser
fidsaber_nassar@agr.cu.edu.eg
1
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric.e, Cairo Uni., Giza 12613, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ANTIOXIDATIVE EFFECTS OF DIETARY BLACK MULBERRY (MORUS NIGRA) FRUIT JUICE IN MUSCOVY DUCKS UNDER HIGH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the dietary mulberry (Morus Nigra) fruits juice as natural antioxidative additive given under high ambient temperature on their performance and some blood parameters of Muscovy ducks. The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks, using 100 Muscovy ducks, aged 21 days. The first group was fed the basal diets, while the diets of groups 2, 3 and 4 also thoroughly mixed with black mulberry fruits juice at a rate of 1, 2 and 4 %, respectively. Results showed that the average biweekly body weight gain, final weight, and feed conversion ratio were improved in mulberry juice groups compared to control group. The biweekly feed consumption was increased significantly with mulberry juice groups than control group. There were an improvement in the immune response of treated ducks, in terms of significant increases in WBCs count, Heterophils, Lymphocytes and serum globulin level in the experimental groups compared to control group. Blood glucose, HDL and GSH concentrations increased significantly in black mulberry juice groups compared with control group. But, creatinine, total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and MDA concentrations decreased in the experimental groups. Results indicated that slaughter weight, carcass and dressing percentage were increased significantly by mulberry juice groups, to reach (102.3, 105.2 and 109.2%); (102.9, 103.7 and 104.4%) and (102.9, 103.3 and 103.8%) of control, respectively. Liver, bursa and abdominal fat percentage were reduced significantly with the mulberry juice groups to reach (95.4, 99.0 and 92.4%), (95.4, 97.0 and 90.1%) and (97.1, 97.1 and 109.0%) of control group, respectively. It can be concluded that dietary black mulberry juice addition to high ambient temperature Muscovy ducks can reduce physiological strain, cholesterol level and oxidative effect.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7734_c5d09b7c153a35e305e9a12a25364295.pdf
2017-09-01
815
831
10.21608/epsj.2017.7734
Ducks
High temperature
Mulberry
Cholesterol
oxidative
ahmed
Abd El-Hady
ahmed75atta@yahoo.com
1
Dep. of Poult. Prod., Fac.of Agric., Alexandria Univ. (21545), Alexandria, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EVALUATION OF BAKER'S YEAST (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE FEEDING VALUE OF HYDROPONIC BARLEY SPROUTS FOR GROWING RABBITS
This study is consisted of two experiments and aimed to determine the nutrient composition and feeding value of the hydroponic barley fodder (HBF) and that HBF irrigated with bakers' yeast (HBFY) for the growing Californean (CAL) and White New Zealandean (NZW) rabbits. The first experiment included 36-weaned rabbit males, 18 rabbit males from each of CAL and NZW breeds, which were housed in 18 paired cages. The nine replicates (2 rabbits in each replicate) of each breed were then allotted randomly to three feeding treatment groups: Control. Basal diet, T1. Basal diet + HBF, and T2. Basal diet + HBFY. The rabbits were adapted to the tested fodders for one week, and the data collection continued for six weeks. The second experiment followed the same design, but using female rabbits instead of males.The fresh-8-day HBF and HBFY contained 17.30% and 16.84% dry matter, 17.75% and 16.68% crude protein, 15.90% and 15.67% crude fiber, respectively. The one kg of barley grains yielded 6.12 kg of fresh HBF, versus 6.02 kg of fresh HBFY/ kg grains. The results of Exp. 1 showed that the male rabbits provided with fresh HBF recorded the highest body weight, body weight gain and carcass weight, while the HBFY males had the worst (P<0.01) feed conversion ratio. In Exp. 2, the HBFY females had the lowest BW and BWG and the worst FCR value. In both trials, the male and female rabbits which were provided with fresh HBF had a cheaper feed cost per gain than those of the control group, while the HBFY rabbits had the most expensive value. Besides, the tested treatments showed inconsistent impacts on the feed and fodder intake values, while they did not show any sifgnificant effect on the dressing percentage, carcass cuts, body muscles, or internal organ weights.Conculsively, the results therefore revealed that feeding the growing male or female rabbits with the HBF displayed considerable nutritional benefits, while the HBFY is not recommended.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7735_52b7c2c6653471ba122376309614488d.pdf
2017-09-01
833
854
10.21608/epsj.2017.7735
Hydroponic fodder
feed alternatives
Baker's yeast
weaned rabbits
forage intake
khaled
foad
abollez@aun.edu.eg
1
Poult. Prod. Dept Fac. Agric., Assiut Uni. Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF GRAPE POMACE AND VITAMIN E AS ANTIOXIDANT ON SOME PRODUCTIVE, REPRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF MALE AND FEMALE AGED INSHAS STRAIN CHICKENS.
This work was carried out to study the effect of dietary grape pomace and vit.Esupplementation on some productive, reproductive and physiological performance traits of agedmale and female Inshas strain chickens. A total number of 198 Inshas strain birds (180 layinghens and 18 cocks) 48-wks-old were used in this experiment up to 60 wks of age. All birds wereindividually weighed and randomly divided into 6 equal experimental groups (30 laying hensand 3 cocks of each) with three replicates (10 laying hens and 1 cock each) with nearly similaraverage initial live body weight of all groups. The 1st group was fed the basal diet withoutsupplementation but the formula of diet contained 15 mg vit.E/kg diet (control) according toNRC, (1994), while the 2nd, 3rd and 4th and 5th groups were fed on the basal diet supplementedwith 1,2,3 and 4% grape pomace respectively and the 6 th group was fed the basal dietsupplemented with 150 mg vit.E/ kg diet. The results showed that, values of levels 3 and 4%grape pomace were better than values of vit. E for feed conversion, egg number, egg productionpercentage, egg mass, plasma superoxide dismutase, plasma glutathione peroxidase and plasmatestosterone and the values had significant differences (P≤0.05) for the level of 4% grapepomace only compared to vit. E group. In general, the highest level of grape pomace (T5)exhibited the best values in all semen physical characteristics, fertility and hatchability traitsstudied, with significant (P≤0.05) differences compared to vit. E (T6) and control (T1) groupsfor traits sperm motility, live sperm percentage, sperm concentration, total sperm per ejaculate,total live sperm per ejaculate, total abnormal sperm per ejaculate, fertility and hatchabilitypercentage of both total and fertile eggs and significant (P≤0.05) differences compared tocontrol group only in ejaculate volume and abnormal sperm percentage. On the basis of thesefindings, we concluded a potential use of 4% grape pomace (natural source of antioxidant) asalternative to vit. E (synthetic source of antioxidant) in diets of male and female aged birds ofInshas strain.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7736_45dad3cdca178da282381faeaba16e6e.pdf
2017-09-01
855
872
10.21608/epsj.2017.7736
Grape pomace
vit. E
productive performance
semen quality
alaa
alameldin
alaa.alm010@gmail.com
1
*Dep. of Poul. Breeding Res., Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Minist. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECTS OF L-CARNITINE ON PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE, BLOOD PARAMETERS, LIPID METABOLISM AND ANTIOXIDATIVE PROPERTIES OF BROILER CHICKS.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of L-carnitine (LC) on productive performance, carcass composition, blood parameters as well as the lipid metabolism, immune response and antioxidative properties of broiler chicks from day 7 to 35 of age. A total of 280 unsexed Cobb chicks were assigned equally into four treatment groups. The first group fed a basal diet (control), while the other three groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 50, 100 and 150 mg of LC/ kg diet. Supplementation of LC to diets significantly increased BW, BWG, decreased FI and improved FCR, economical efficiency and production index. Where, Chicks fed basal diet supplemented with 50 mg of LC had significantly higher final BW and BWG, lower FI and better values of FCR, economical efficiency and production index followed by those fed basal diet supplemented with 100 and 150 mg LC compared to the control group. Treated groups significantly decreased serum urea, creatinine, alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) while increased glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total protein, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione (GSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), hemoglobin, packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell (RBC’s), white blood cell (WBC’s), lymphocyte, globulin, α -globulin, globulin -β and globulin-γ, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM and IgA), bactriocide activity (BA), lymphocyte transformation test (LTT), phagocytic activity (PA) and index (PI) compared to control group. Feeding diet with LC significantly increased carcass dressing and total edible parts and decreased abdominal fat compared to the control. In conclusion: L- carnitine supplementation to broiler diets improved productive performance, economical efficiency, immune response and antioxidative properties of broiler.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7737_013c87dca4da5422b65dcb1cac2d5353.pdf
2017-09-01
873
892
10.21608/epsj.2017.7737
L-carnitine
Growth
blood parameters
Lipid metabolism
Immunology
Broilers
Mahmoud
El-kelawy
m.elkelawy@gmail.com
1
Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture , Assiut University (New Valley branch), Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
RESPONSE OF CRESTED AND NONCRESTED DANDARAWI CHICKENS TO EXCESS L-ARGININE SUPPLEMENTATION DURING WINTER MONTHS.
The present study was carried out during winter months to estimateresponse of two Dandarawi chicken phenotypes (crested (Cr) and non-crested (cr)) toextra L-arginine (Arg) supplementation. Seventy two female from each of Cr and cr layerDandarawi hens were chosen when egg production(EP) reached 50 %. The Cr and cr layerDandarawi hens were distributed randomly into 3 experimental groups; each groupincludes 24 layer hens divided randomly into 3 replicates with 8 hens each. The 1st groupfrom each phenotype fed control basal diet that satisfied recommendations of NRC.Groups 2 and 3 from each type fed basal diet supplemented with 2% and 4% L- arginineover NRC requirements respectively for three winter months. Arginine supplemented by14gm/100kg diet and 28gm/100kg to perform levels 2% and 4% respectively.The following results were obtained:-Crested phenotype had higher significantly EP% and egg mass per hen per day than crduring 2nd month and overall period moreover Cr laying hen consumed significantlylower diets than cr during the first month of EP and improved significantly feedconversion during the second month of EP. Significant decrease was observed in yolkpercent of egg laid by Cr hens but significant increase was observed in shell thickness.Body temperature of Cr phenotype during chronic cold condition was lower by about0.38°C than cr phenotype and had low significantly respiration rate.Diets supplemented with excess Arg recorded significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher EP% thancontrol diet during 2nd month, 3rd month and for overall period. Excess Argsupplementation reduced significantly feed intake during the 1st month of EP, butincreased significantly feed intake during the 3rd month. Increasing Arg level to 4%increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) yolk percent and decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05)albumin percent.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7738_a8f859422995cb4aaf04cf4cfb50c961.pdf
2017-09-01
893
906
10.21608/epsj.2017.7738
Crest
Dandarawi
Arginine
cold stress and egg production
sabbah
youssef
sabbah.farouk@yahoo.com
1
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
IMPACT OF USING ORGANIC ACIDS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE,BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL AND HEMATOLOGICAL TRAITS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF DUCKS(CAIRINA MOSCHATA).
The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of two types of organic acids (formic acid, FA and citric acid CA) on performance, blood parameters, immune response and bacterial count. A total number of 250 unsexed 7 d old ducklings (Cairina Moschata) were randomly divided into five dietary treatment groups, 50 birds each in five equal replicates. The first group was fed a commercial basal diet without supplementation (control), the 2nd and 3rd groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 % of FA, while the 4th and 5th groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 2.0 and 3.0% CA. Body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion, some carcass characteristics and economic efficiency were determined. At the end of the experiment (70 d), blood samples were collected to determine some blood constituents. In addition, bacterial counts of the digestive system were measured. Results showed that duckling fed the basal diet supplemented with organic acids had significantly greater BW, BWG, economical efficiency and better feed conversion as compared to control. All dietary supplements decreased serum AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL and increased T3, T4, TAC, GSH, GPX, SOD, glucose, total protein, globulin, γ-globulin, IgA, IgM, IgG, LA, BA, LTT, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, RBCs and hemoglobin as compared to control. Dietary supplementation of organic acids increased dressing percentage and total edible parts compared to control. Moreover, supplementation of either formic or citric decreased total bacterial count, Salmonella, E.Coli and proteus spp. compared to control group. In conclusion, either formic or citric acid could be used safely as natural growth promoters to improve growth and immune response of duckling.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7740_9a7b1c8a78e0cf90a070e55150b39acc.pdf
2017-09-06
907
925
10.21608/epsj.2017.7740
duckling
Formic
Citric
performance
Blood profiles
Immune Response
asmaa
elnagar
asmaaelnaggar85@yahoo.com
1
1Dep. of Anim. and poult. prod., Fac. of Agric., Damanhour Uni., Damanhour, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF USING THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS L) AND CITRIC ACID FOR IMPROVING THE UTILIZATION OF LOW PROTEIN LOW ENERGY BROILER DIETS
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of using thyme (Thymus vulgaris L; TH) or citric acid;(CA) either alone or in combination (at level 0.2 % of each) to improve the utilization of the low protein low energy broiler diets (LPLE), containing 4% lower protein and 200 Kcal /Kg lower energy than those of control diets at starter, grower and finisher periods. Control diets contained 21, 19 and 18% CP and 2988, 3083 and 3176 kcal ME/kg diet at starter, grower and finisher periods, respectively. It was supplied with required nutrients to satisfy the recommended requirements of Cobb broilers.A total number of 180, seven days-old of unsexed Cobb broiler chicks were distributed into 6 treatments of 30 chicks each in three replicates.Main results obtained can be summarized as follows:-There were significant differences between values of weight gain in different growth periods while there were insignificant differences between values of feed conversion ratio except for total growth period (7-42d.).-All over growth period, the LPLE diet decreased weight gain and degraded feed conversion ratio by 23.24 and 19.47% compared to control diet. In general, it seemed that addition of TH or CA either alone or in combination to the LPLE diet improved weight gain compared to LPLE diet and recorded the better feed conversion ratio compared to low protein (LP) or LPLE diet. The combination of such feed additives improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio by 10.46 and 10.13%, respectively compared to LPLE diet.-There were insignificant differences between treatments for carcass characteristics and values of ash and nitrogen retention percentage. The LPLE diet decreased daily nitrogen excretion by 25.92% compared to control diet.- The LPLE diet increased plasma globulin level by 32.75 % compared to control diet.In conclusion, the addition of TH or CA either alone or in combination to LPLE broiler diet improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio, decreased plasma globulin and increased total plasma antioxidants capacity compared to LPLE broiler diet.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7741_826278ae91fc42bb8eae24fc3ff7ae56.pdf
2017-09-30
927
950
10.21608/epsj.2017.7741
thyme
Citric acid
low protein and energy and broiler
mohamed
hassan
mshabaanapri@yahoo.com
1
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., ARC, Ministry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS AND SYSTEMS OF GEESE PRODUCTION IN SOHAG GOVERNORATE
The objective of this study was to describe the existing geese production systems. Identify strengths (S), weaknesses (W), opportunities (O), and threats (T) of geese production system in rural area. A cross sectional and longitudinal data collection was performed in four districts; in each district three villages were chosen. The total number of sample was 164 geese owners. Using random sampling method, data was collected using semi-structured questionnaire and interview. The main production system of geese production is the family system. According to the housing style of geese, it involves three subsystems: 1) Non-mixed 2) semi-mixed 3) mixed. The majority of householders (65.71%, 77.4 % and 79.10 %) were illiterates within the age group of 31-59 years (middle aged group). The flock size significantly varied being 9.83 ± 1.16 in the non –mixed, 5.58 ± .87 in the semi-mixed and 8.76± .84 for the mixed sub-system. The monthly income and the experience level have a positive impact on the flock size. The main feed ingredient was green forage and leftovers, adding grains or commercial ration was on occasional basis and was linked with the financial ability of the householders. The most frequently given feed consisted mostly of green forages, leftovers and grain under the non-mixed (40.0%), semi-mixed (54.84 %), and mixed (44.78 %) subsystems. Disease occurrence was higher in the mixed (52.24%) and semi-mixed (41.94%) as compared to the non-mixed (28.57%) subsystem. The non-mixed subsystem exhibited the highest insignificantly hatchability percentage (63.42%) as compared to the semi-mixed (56.24 %) and mixed (60.60%) subsystems. Most of the respondents were practice candling under the non-mixed (74.29%), semi-mixed (62.90%), and mixed (65.67%) subsystems. The village market constitutes the biggest outlet for geese selling for the non-mixed (54.29%), semi-mixed (59.68%) and mixed (62.69%) subsystems. The foremost problems were the spread of diseases, the high prices of feed for the mixed and non-mixed subsystems respectively, while it was low productivity and high prices of feedstuffs for the non-mixed subsystem. Therefore, any improvements in these constraints; appropriate interventions on management, disease awareness and control; illiteracy eradication and training may lead to sustainable increase in geese productivity in the study area.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7745_5b2f56331525512ae1c7552245276503.pdf
2017-09-30
951
968
10.21608/epsj.2017.7745
geese
Production systems
sowt analysis
amal
omer
amal_omer2005@yahoo.com
1
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst.Agric. Res. Center
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFICACY OF YEAST AND DATE’S BY-PRODUCT (HAFSH) LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF LAYING JAPANESE QUAIL UNDER HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels date’s by-product (Hafsh, non edible dates produced from date’s factories) in the diets with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation in water on productive and physiological performance of laying Japanese quail reared at high ambient temperature (40oC and 45oC with 50 % relative humidity). 54 females of 8 weeks-old were weighed and randomly divided into nine different treatments in a 3 x 3 factorial with three replicates arrangement including three date’s by-product (Hafsh) levels (0, 10 and 15%) with three levels of yeast (0, 1, 2 g yeast /L) of drinking water. The results obtained that dietary contented with Hafsh or yeast and interactions between yeast level and Hafsh level had a significant effect on all the productive performance ( egg production, egg weight, egg mass/hen/day, feed conversion as (g feed / g egg) ) and improved egg quality in compared with control. Hafsh treatments with or without yeast have significant (p<0.05) difference in some blood biochemical parameters and hormones of quail, i.e., total protein, albumin, total lipids, HDL, progesterone and triiodothyronine hormones were increased , while serum cholesterol and glucose concentrations were decreased significantly (P< 0.05) birds' in compared with control group. The nutrients digestibilities were improved significantly (P< 0.05) by treatment groups. It may be concluded that the application of 2.0g yeast/liter ( in water) with diet contented 10% Hafsh improved the productive performance, egg quality, some physiological parameters, nutrients digestibilities and carcass weight of laying Japanese Quail under high environmental temperature.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7747_ff5a2c1832060489202aacaa0cb0fe02.pdf
2017-09-30
969
986
10.21608/epsj.2017.7747
yeast
hafsh
Quail
productive
physiological performance
High temperature
Walid
Ahmed
walidfouad99@yahoo.com
1
Dept .of Poult. Prod. ,Fac.of Agric. New Valley Branch, Assiut University, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
ROLE OF BIOTIN IN IMPROVING HATCHABILITY AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATUS OF TURKEY CHICKS AS AFFECTED BY AGE OF FLOCK
An experiment was conducted to study the effects of flock age and biotin injection at different times of incubation on hatchability and physiological status of newly hatched chicks. One thousand and six hundred and twenty hatching turkey eggs representing two flock ages (32 and 48 wks). All eggs were randomly assigned to three injection time groups, (48 hours, 7 and 24 days of incubation), then each group was divided into six treatments according to the concentration of the vitamin. The first treatment as negative control, the second treatment as a sham-injected control (Dry punch) and the third treatment was injected with 1 ml saline in the air cell through the width end of the egg as sham control. The fourth, fifth and sixth groups were injected with 75, 100 and 125 μg biotin dissolved in 1 ml saline, respectively. Generally, the results indicated that egg fertility rate showed a positive relation with avidin expression in the young-age group than in old-age group. In addition, biotin injection at the late stages of embryogenesis positively affects hatchability, embryo survival percent and body weight of the day-old chicks compared to control and sham groups and influences insulin and thyroid hormones metabolism in post-hatched poults. Based on the findings of the present study injection of turkey eggs with biotin with doses 75 and 100 μg/egg on 24th day of embryogenesis for younger and older hen’s markedly improved hatchability and physiological responses for post-hatched chicks.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7748_aef43e1346468dba4b7d0d90fbf65395.pdf
2017-09-30
987
1012
10.21608/epsj.2017.7748
Turkey – biotin- injection eggs
avidin
Hatchability
mahmoud
mahmoud
mahmoudatef218@yahoo.com
1
Rabbit, Turkey and Water Fowl Breeding Res. Dep., Anim. Prod. Res. Ins. Egypt
AUTHOR