The Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190901EFFECT OF PROBIOTICS ON PRODUCTIVE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS REARED UNDER HOT SUMMER CONDITIONS5996144693310.21608/epsj.2019.46933ENI. M.Hegab1 Dept. of Hygiene, Zoonosis and Anim. Behaviour and Management, Fac. of Vet. Medicine, Suez Canal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt.A. AttiaEman2 Dept. of Botany. (Med. Mycol.), Fac. of Sci., Suez Canal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt.A. HassanRaniaDept. of Anim. Wealth Develop., Fac. of Vet. Medicine, Suez Canal Univ., Ismailia, Egypt.Fakhri EEl-AzzaziDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.Journal Article20190701The effect of two kinds of probiotics different in their mode of actions was tested on rabbits’ performance grew under hot summer conditions. Fifty-six New Zealand White rabbits (5-weeks-old) were fed on growing diet and orally supplemented with <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae </em>(<em>S. cerevisiae</em>)0.5, 1 and 1.5 g., <em>Lactobacillus</em> <em>acidophilus</em> (<em>L. acidophilus</em>) 1, 2 and 3×10<sup>9</sup> CFU/kg body weightor distilled water as a control. Calculated temperature humidity index was classified as severe heat stress. Significant improvements in productive parameters, (average daily gain and feed conversion ratio) were detected in the high-dose group (3×10<sup>9</sup> CFU/kg) of <em>L. acidophilus</em>. Similarly, the haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count and fT3 serum levels were considerably higher in the <em>L. acidophilus</em> groups, with significantly lower cortisol levels. The mean duration of anxiety-related behavioural responses in the open field test showed significant improvements in treated groups. Also, microbiological investigation showed an absence of some pathogenic bacterial species (<em>Salmonella spp</em>, <em>Clostridium spp</em> and <em>Enterobacteria spp</em>)in treated groups and the presence of beneficial yeast species (<em>Yarrowia lipolytica</em>) in the <em>L. acidophilus-</em>supplemented groups. Conclusively, administration of <em>S. cerevisiae</em> and <em>L. acidophilus </em>for consecutive 8 weeks may counteract the consequences of chronic heat stress in growing rabbits.<br /> <br /> <strong> </strong>https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_46933_d6bc23187df48534d4c1dcb767739713.pdfThe Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190903ASSESSMENT OF RAPD MARKERS VARIABILITY OF LOCAL TURKEY (MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO) POPULATION IN EGYPT6156244694010.21608/epsj.2019.46940ENM. HelalMostafaDep. of Anim. Prod., Fac. of Agric., Cairo Uni., 12613 Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190701This study was performed to assess the diversity level within the local turkey population in Egypt in comparison with the commercial turkeys. Ten mature males and ten mature females of each population were used. RAPD-PCR technique was applied using ten 10-mer random primers. Altogether 2790 bands were detected, with an average of 6.975 bands overall individuals and primers. In general, the amplified bands were higher in commercial individuals (1695 bands) than the local ones (1690 bands). The total fragment number (TFN) was 115 with an average of 11.5 fragment/primer. The average of PIC percentage of 59% overall individuals. Nevertheless, no specific or unique band was detected. Shannon information index was higher in Baladi (0.615) than in commercial turkeys (0.488). Shannon diversity index also was higher in Baladi (0.433) compared to commercial turkeys (0.328). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 79% of the total variation was attributed to the within-population variance. The principal component analysis (PCA) results showed similar trend, 83.3% of the total variance was explained by the first 3 axes partitioned to 75.96%, 4.46% and 2.88% for the first, second and third axis, respectively. The study highlighted the high level of within-population genetic variability in the local Egyptian turkeys.https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_46940_d088647fa1a6a71d9b4ac09754e2c6ed.pdfThe Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190903EFFECT OF DIETARY PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTATION DURING REARING PERIOD ON SUBSEQUENT LAYING PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL LAYING HENS6256374694810.21608/epsj.2019.46948ENYaser SaddekRizkanimal production research anstituteM. M.BesharaAnim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric. Dokki, Giza.A. Al-MwafyAymanAnim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric. Dokki, Giza.Journal Article20190807This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary probiotic supplementation during rearing period on subsequent laying performance and physiological response of Sinai hens during laying period. A total number of 360 Sinai chicks, one old day were used in the current trail. Chicks were divided into 4 equal groups each of 3 replicates. Experimental groups were as follows, 1<sup>st</sup> group served as a control and fed the basal experimental diets, while, the 2<sup>nd</sup>, 3<sup>rd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 g probiotic / kg, respectively from hatch up to 20 wks of age. The commercial probiotic used was Saltose Ex which is a thermo stable probiotic where it contains lactic acid bacteria (<em>Lactobacillus lactis</em>) 2.5x 108 CFU, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> 1.8x 109 CFU/g product.
<strong> </strong>Results indicated that feed consumption and feed conversion ratio were significantly (P≤0.05) between the experimental treatments during rearing period (1-20 weeks of age). The relative weights of carcass, liver, giblets and length of jejunum and illeum at end of experimental period were significantly affected due to dietary treatment. The feeding on diet supplemented with 0.3 g probiotic /kg diet during rearing period resulted in a lower intestinal microbial count of both TCC and CC than control diet. Laying rate%, egg weight and egg mass were significantly increased due to dietary treatment as compared to the control. All dietary probiotic levels significantly reduced feed consumption within the whole laying period except the birds fed 0.4 g probiotic /kg diet as a subsequent effect during the laying period. Fertility % was significantly increased in eggs produced from birds fed diet supplemented with 0.4 and 0.5 g probiotic/kg diet, while, hatchability % was improved by feeding on diet with 0.3g probiotic/kg diet during rearing period as compared to the control diet. Therefore, these results indicate that dietary probiotic supplementation from 0.3 to 0.5 g/kg diet during rearing period could be used to improve welfare status to Sinai chicks and subsequent productive traits during laying period.https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_46948_35b90925cc5c11fbff57b3ec81760fee.pdfThe Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190901IMPACT OF USING PROPOLIS ON PERFORMANCE, HEMATOLOGICALAND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF DUCKS (CAIRINA MOSCHATA).6396554764410.21608/epsj.2019.47644ENAsmaa ShawkeyElnaggar1Dep. of Anim. and poult. prod., Fac. of Agric., Damanhour Uni., Damanhour, EgyptAbd El-khalekEnass2Dep.of Poult.Prod, Fac. of Agric., Alexandria Uni., Alexandria, EgyptJournal Article20190801The study aimed to <em>determine</em> the effect of propolison productiveperformance, immune response,blood parameters, and bacterial count.A total number of 200 unsexed 7 d old ducklings (<em>Cairina moschata</em>) were divided randomly into four dietary treatment groups, 50 birds each in five equal replicates.The first group was fed a commercial basal diet without supplementation (control), the 2<sup>nd</sup>,3<sup>rd</sup> and 4<sup>th</sup> groups were fed basal diet supplemented with propolis at levels of 150,300,600 mg/kg<strong> feed.</strong>Growth performance (BW, BWG, FCR), some carcass characteristics and economical efficiency were recorded. At the end of the study (65 d), samplesofblood were collected to determine blood hematological and biochemical constituents. In addition, bacterial counts of the digestive tract contents were measured.Results showed that ducklings fed the basal diet supplemented with different levels of propolis had significantly greater BW, BWG, economical efficiency and better feed conversion as compared to control.<br /> All dietary supplements decreased serum AST, urea , total lipids, cholesterol, LDL and increased T<sub>3</sub>, T<sub>4</sub>, TAC, GSH, GPX, SOD, glucose, total protein, globulin, γ-globulin, IgA, IgM, IgG, LA, BA, LTT, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, RBCs and hemoglobin as compared to control. Different levels of propolisincreased dressing percentage and total edible parts compared to control. Moreover, propolis decreased total bacterial count, <em>Salmonella</em>, <em>E</em>.<em>Coli</em> and <em>proteus</em> spp. compared to control group. In conclusion, propolis could be used safely as natural growth promoter to improve growth and immune response of ducklings.https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_47644_ee150d5821e80aacb76230bda65d4b67.pdfThe Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190901IMPROVING UTILIZATION OF ACACIA LEAVES MEAL AND ITS EFFECTS ON BROILERS PERFORMANCE.6576724827610.21608/epsj.2019.48276ENMona MohamedHassan1Anim. and Poult. Nut.Dep.t,Desert Res. Center, Mata.,Cairo, Egypt.A. A.Abd El-DayemAnim. and Poul. Nutrition Dept., Desert Rese. Center, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20190817Two hundred and forty day old Cobb broiler chicks were distributed into eight groups; the experimental treatments were arranged in a factorial design (2x4) by using two levels of tartaric acid (0 and 0.30 %) and four levels of <em>Acacia saligna</em> leaves meal (ALM) L1, L2, L3 and L4 to be 0, 3, 6 and 9%, respectively. Results showed that supplemented broiler diets with 0.30%of tartaric acid improved digestion coefficients of CP, CF, NFE , DCP, live body weight , body gain ,feed conversion ,increased edible giblets%, digestive tract weight (%) and digestive tract length (cm) compared with the control. Increasing the level of ALM in the diet from 0 to 9% decreased the digestibility of nutrients , live body weight ,body gain and digestive tract weight (%) but , increased feed intake , edible giblets% and digestive tract length (cm) and gave inferior feed conversion. The interaction between organic acid addition and ALM level had a significant effect on improving the digestion coefficients of CP, CF, NFE , DCP, live body weight and body gain. A significant decrease in values of feed intake, feed conversion, edible giblets% and digestive tract length (cm) was seen in this respect. Also, a significant decrease in digestive tract weight (%) was detected among the fourth experimental groups fed ALM with 0.30% tartaric acid compared with the other un-treated groups. Supplemented broiler diets with 6% of ALM with 0.30%of tartaric acid improved economic efficiency % of feed and relative economic efficiency of feed as compared with the control group. It may be concluded that using 6% of Acacia leaves meal and adding 0.30% tartaric acid in the diet reflect desirable results on broilers performance.https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_48276_8fff3620ec8fd631f0e9dc2ad74119b4.pdfThe Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190901EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTIC ALTERNATIVES INCLUSION IN BROILERS DIET ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, CARCASS YIELD AND INTESTINAL HISTOLOGY6736884827710.21608/epsj.2019.48277ENAbd El EL-Khalek Enas1 Poult Prod. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Alexandria Univ., EgyptShawky Asmaa1Dep. of Anim. and poult. prod., Fac. of Agric., Damanhour Uni., Damanhour, EgyptA. OmarGarmian1Poul. Prod.Dept., Fac.of Agri., Alexandria Univ.Journal Article20190801The experiment was carried out to evaluate the response of broilers fed diet supplemented with antibiotic alternatives, Probiotic (BioPlus 2B), Prebiotic (Techno MOs), Synbiotic and medicinal herbs (Mixture of <em>Origanum majorana</em>, <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> and <em>Carum carvi</em> in ratio 1: 1: 1), on their performance and intestinal histology. A total of 125-day old chicks cobb (500) broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 5 treatments with five replicates of 5 chicks each and raised for 6 weeks. Chicks were kept in cleaned and fumigated cage of wire floored batteries. Experimental diets and water were offered <em>ad-libitum</em> over the experimental period starting from one day old.
The experimental treatments received basal diets which were formulated to starter (1-21d) and grower- finisher (22-42d) broiler growth periods. During each growth period, birds received the control diet (un-supplemented), whereas the other groups fed diet contained either of tested feed additives (probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic or medicinal plants mixture).
The most important results obtained from this study could be summarized as follows: - a highly significant effect (p≤ 0.05) on live body weight at the end of experiment period was observed due to the effect of synbiotic treatment compared the other treatments. A highest body weight gain was recorded by the synbiotic treatment compared the control ones. Different feed additives improved feed conversion ratio compared to control (p≤0.001, for the whole experimental period. All supplements effect the intestinal histology compared to that of the control in duodenum and jejunum, intestine region but the effect is not significant. Also, feed additives led to significant improvement in villus height and crypt depth in ileum region.
In conclusion, results show that synbiotic treatment was the superior in improving productive performance of broilers. Further research is still need to verify current results.https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_48277_a60697d61cf6b464ce9cab5541a62e29.pdfThe Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190901INFLUENCE OF REDUCING CRUDE PROTEIN ON GIMMIZAH CHICKENS PERFORMANCE DURING LATE LAYING PERIOD 1- SUPPLEMENTED WITH ZINC AND VITAMIN D36897094831110.21608/epsj.2019.48311ENB. M.Abou-ShehemaAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Min. of Agric, Egypt.0009-0009-8391-2382Journal Article20190801This study was performed to investigate the influence of low crude protein diet (LCP, 13%) and different dietary levels of zinc with or without vitamin D<sub>3 </sub>on the productive and reproductive performance of Gimmizah chickens during the late laying period. A total number of 280 (245 hens + 35 cocks) Gimmizah chickens aged 52-week were individually weighed and randomly divided into seven treatment groups with five replicates for each during the experimental period (52 - 64 weeks of age). The birds of the first group were fed the basal diet (15%CP) and served as control. Second one was fed LCP, 13% without any supplementation,whereasthe third and fourth groups were fed LCP diet supplemented with zinc (Zn, 50 and 100 mg/kg diet, respectively). The fifth group was fed LCP diet supplemented with vitamin D<sub>3</sub> (Vit D<sub>3</sub>, 2000 IU/kg diet). While, the sixth and seventh groups were fed LCP diet supplemented with Zn (50 mg/kg diet<strong>)</strong> plus Vit D<sub>3</sub> (2000 IU/kg diet), and Zn (100 mg/kg diet<strong>)</strong> plus Vit D<sub>3</sub> (2000 IU/kg diet), respectively. The chickens fed LCP diet had significantly the worst records of egg production, egg mass and feed conversion ratio compared with the control group. While, supplemented LCP diet with Vit D<sub>3</sub> or both levels of Zn plus Vit D<sub>3</sub> similarly restored the previous mentioned parameters to the level of control group. Specific gravity of eggs, yolk dry matter and yolk index for birds fed LCP diet were significantly decreased compared with control. However, supplemented LCP diet with studied agents significantly improved shell weight, shell thickness, SWUSA and yolk color compared with control. Fertility and hatchability percentages for aged chickens fed LCP diet supplemented with both levels of Zn plus Vit D<sub>3</sub> were significantly increased compared with control and LCP diet groups. Birds fed LCP diet supplemented with Vit D<sub>3</sub> or both levels of Zn plus Vit D<sub>3</sub> had significant improvement for RBCs, Hgb, PCV, WBCs, lymphocyte, phagocytic activity, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, antioxidant status and calcium compared with control and LCP diet groups. Total protein, albumin and globulin for birds fed LCP diet supplemented with 50 mg Zn /kg dietplus Vit D<sub>3</sub> did not represent any statistical change compared with control group. In conclusion, supplementing the chickens fed LCP diet (13% CP) during the late stage of laying cycle with Zn (50 mg/kg diet<strong>)</strong> plus Vit D<sub>3</sub> (2000 IU/kg diet) could be a good tool for realizing the best results of productive and reproductive performance besides the best record of economical efficiency.https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_48311_1fe139c13a62eb46c5451bf15ee6c7e9.pdfThe Egyptian Poultry Science AssociationEgyptian Poultry Science Journal1110-562339320190901INFLUENCE OF REDUCING CRUDE PROTEIN ON GIMMIZAH CHICKENS PERFORMANCE DURING LATE LAYING PERIOD 2- SUPPLEMENTED WITH AMINO ACIDS, ZINC AND VITAMIN D37117304831210.21608/epsj.2019.48312ENB. M.Abou-ShehemaAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Min. of Agric, Egypt.0009-0009-8391-2382Journal Article20190801The present study aimed to determine the influence of low crude protein diet (LCP, 13%) enriched with methionine (Met) and lysine (Lys) and different zinc levels with or without vitamin D3 on the productive and reproductive performance of Gimmizah chickens during the late laying period. A total number of 320 Gimmizah chickens (280 hens + 40 cocks) aged 52-week were individually weighed and randomly divided into eight treatment groups with five replicates per each during the experimental period (52 - 64 weeks of age). Birds of the first group were fed the basal diet and served as control. Second one was fed LCP, 13% without any supplementation. Whereas, the third group fed LCP diet enriched with Met (0.6 g/kg diet) and Lys (1.4 g/kg diet), to equalize their corresponding levels of the basal diet. The fourth and fifth groups were fed LCP diet enriched with Met and Lys supplied with zinc (Zn, 50 and 100 mg/kg diet, respectively). The sixth group was fed LCP diet enriched with Met and Lys supplied with vitamin D3 (Vit D3, 2000 IU/kg diet). While, the seventh and eighth groups were fed LCP diet enriched with Met and Lys supplemented with Zn (50 mg/kg diet) plus Vit D3 (2000 IU/kg diet), and Zn (100 mg/kg diet) plus Vit D3 (2000 IU/kg diet), respectively. The chickens fed LCP diet represented the worst significant records of egg production, egg weight, egg mass and fed conversion ratio compared with control. While, groups fed LCP diet enriched with Met and Lys alone or supplemented with studied agents similarly restored the previous parameters to control level. Egg shell weight, shell thickness, SWUSA, hatched chick weight and hatchability percentages for aged chickens fed LCP diet enriched with Met and Lys alone or supplemented with both Zn levels were significantly improved compared with control. Birds fed LCP diet enriched with Met and Lys supplemented with Zn levels plus Vit D3 significantly improved Hgb, PCV, WBCs, lymphocyte, phagocytic activity, HDL, LDL, TAC, SOD, MDA and Ca compared with control and LCP diet groups. Total protein, albumin, globulin, total lipids and triglycerides for birds fed LCP diet enriched with Met and Lys alone or supplied with Zn levels with or without Vit D3 did not represent any significant differences compared with control.<br /> In conclusion, feeding Gimmizah chickens LCP (13%) diet enriched with Met and Lys alone is adequate for achieving the optimal productive and reproductive performance besides best record of net returns during the late laying period.https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_48312_de8cec72f06272d23f4bc3494fa3e7c2.pdf