@article { author = {Emam, Ahmed}, title = {EFFECTS OF SELECTION FOR INCREASING EARLY GROWTH RATE ON GROWTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF JAPANESE QUAIL}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78735}, abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the effects of selection for high early growth rate during 1-21 days of age (GR1-21) on growth traits, some plasma constituent and carcass characteristics. An experiment was carried out at the farm of the Poultry Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University and continued for six generations including 10,024 for two lines (the selected line, HGR1-21 and the control line, CL) of Japanese quail chicks. The HGR1-21 had better BW21, BW35, GR1-21, GR1-35 and BWG1-35 than the CL. Generation of selection significantly affected all growth traits. Females had significantly higher BW21, BW35, BWG1-35 and GR1-35 than males. Quails of HGR1-21 had lower high density lipoprotein (HDL) and higher triglycerides (TG) than the CL. Females had higher TG and lower HDL than males. Quails of HGR1-21 had higher carcass %, dressing %, weights of giblets, heart, gizzard and liver than CL by 3.65%, 2.59, 23.79, 68.42, 13.21 and 23.47%, respectively. Females had higher weights of giblets, gizzard and liver than males by +12.41%, 14.64% and 12.34%, respectively. The HGR1-21 had higher ether extract % (+24. 28%) and lower moisture% (-4.79%) than the CL. GR1-21 showed moderate heritability (h2) of 0.28 and ranged from 0.20 to 0.29 for growth traits. The GR1-21 found to be positively genetic and phenotypic correlated (rg & rp) with BW21, BW35, BWG1-35 and GR1-35, with rg ranged from moderate to high (0.24 to 0.70) and rp ranged from low to medium (0.03 to 0.41), however there were negative rg and rp between GR1-21 and BW1 being -0.15 and -0.50,respectively. Genetic response showed superiority of the selected line than the control (P< 0.05) for selection criteria (+0.04) .Selection for GR1-21 had desired genetic gain with all studied growth traits, except BW1. Also, carcass traits and vital organs were improved due to selection for GR1-21. }, keywords = {selection,early growth rate,carcass characteristics,genetic gain and Japanese quail}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78735.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78735_8aa532aa3316ce6ce2f6ca9566d57478.pdf} } @article { author = {Emam, Ahmed}, title = {EFFECTS OF SELECTION FOR FAST GROWTH RATE ON JAPANESE QUAIL LAYING PERFORMANCE AND FITNESS TRAITS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {15-27}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78736}, abstract = {This work aimed to study the effects of selection for fast growth rate on some laying and fitness performance in Japanese quail using 1157 females (706 for the selected line and 451 for the control line). The most important results obtained as follows: Generation significantly affected all egg studied traits indicating that the 4th generation (G4) had the earliest age at first egg (AFE) and age at the first ten eggs (AGE10) accompanied by the heaviest body weight at first egg (BWAFE) and desirably had lower days needed to produce the first ten eggs (DN10) and laid heavier average egg weight (AEWFM)   (48.98 day, 60.87 day, 260.77 g, 13.12 day and 11.88 g respectively) and had higher number of eggs (ENFM), heavier egg mass for the first month of production (EMFM), and favorably lower pause duration length (PDL­FM) than other generations being of 24.53 egg, 291.32 g and 1.76 day, respectively. Moreover, the G4 had higher fertility (88.20%) and hatchability (85.42%) associated with preferably lower early and late embryonic mortality% than other generations. The selected line attained AFE at earlier age (50.63 day) with heavier BWAFE (260.59g) and lower DN10 (14.06 day) and AGE10 (64.44 day), laid more ENFM (22.63egg), higher EMFM (263.67g), earlier age after first month of production (AGEFM, 80.63 day), larger clutch size (CSFM, 5.20) and shorter PDLFM (1.89 day) and had preferably higher fertility (80.69%), hatchability  (74.14%) but undesirably higher early embryonic mortality%  (2.68%) than the control line. There were  favorable negative correlations between growth rate during 1-21 days of age (GR1-21.) And each of AFE, DN10, AGE10, PDLFM and AGEFM and had preferably positive rg’s with each of BWAFE,ENFM,EMFM, clutch number for the first month of production and CSFM, it seemed these traits can be indirectly improved through the selection for fast GR1-21.}, keywords = {Japanese quail,fast growth rate,Egg production,fertility and genetic gain}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78736.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78736_2407f1e2ffb19f492e2f7f30a23df703.pdf} } @article { author = {Attia, Faten}, title = {EFFICACY OF DIETARY ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES SUPPLEMENTATION ON SERUM BIOCHEMICAL, NUTRIENTS RETENTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MEAT AND TIBIA IN BROILER CHICKENS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {29-46}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78739}, abstract = {A total of 192 unsexed day-old "Cobb" broiler chicks were used to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary nano zinc oxide (N-ZnO) on nitrogen and minerals retention, blood serum measurements, meat chemical composition and tibia minerals of broiler chickens. Chicks were randomly distributed into six treatments of four replicates eight chicks each. A control contained 100 mg inorganic ZnO/kg diet (I-ZnO) and 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20 mg N-ZnO/kg diet were fed. Diets supplemented with different levels of N-ZnO had significant effect on blood serum parameters except for total protein and cholesterol. The highest contents of (albumin, high density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase, calcium, phosphorous and zinc) and the lowest (triglycerides, creatinine, uric acid, aspartate transferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase and malondialdehyde) were obtained with 20 mg N-ZnO/kg diet. A significant reduction in moisture and fat and significant increase in crude protein, ash and minerals (Ca, P and Zn) of breast and thigh meats were observed with N-ZnO treatments; the lowest and the highest percentages, respectively, of the former criteria were recorded with 20 mg N-ZnO. Birds fed N-ZnO (40 and 20), (60, 40 and 20) and 20 mg/kg diet had the highest significant tibia Ca, Zn and P percentages, respectively. Nano-ZnO treatments significantly increased the retention percentages except for Zn. Birds fed 40 mg N-ZnO/kg diet exhibited the highest nitrogen, Ca, P and Zn retention. It could be concluded that supplementation of N-ZnO to broiler diet improved birds' physiological status, meat carcass quality, bone mineralization and nutrients retention. The lower levels of N-ZnO (20 and 40 mg/kg diet) revealed promising results with no harmful effect on birds' health status.  }, keywords = {broiler,zinc oxide nano particle,nutrients retention,meat quality,serum parameters}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78739.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78739_dace56bc1e24da83f4a99a7dba7eef73.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Ghany, Ahmed}, title = {EFFECTS OF KELP SEAWEED (ASCOPHYLLUM NODOSUM) ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE DURING THE GROWING PERIOD OF AN IMPORTED HEAVY-WEIGHT-LINE OF BROAD BREASTED BRONZE TURKEYS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {47-64}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78741}, abstract = {The study was investigated to evaluate the potentials of using Ascophyllum nodosum (Kelp meal, a Canadian commercial product form of that seaweed) as a natural feed additive through evaluating its effect on the growth performance, blood parameters, and meat quality of Broad Breasted Bronze (BBB a heavy strain selected line) commercial turkeys. Thirty-four imported BBB turkeys at 10 weeks of age were divided randomly into three treatments with two replicates (with unequal numbers in some of these replicates). All birds were fed a basal diet (Control, C) and two groups (i.e. treatments 2& 3) were having their diets additionally supplemented with A. nodosum (Kelp) at 1% and 2% from 10 until marketing at 21wks. of age. Body weight, gain in weight and feed conversion have been generally improved, but feed intake has been slightly decreased by feeding those turkey broilers on the Kelp supported diets. Feeding on the tested seaweeddiet improved significantly (P≤ 0.05) the percentage of eviscerated weight. Diets supported additionally with A. nodosum recorded generally the best blood parameters and meat quality measures compared to control. Both levels of Kelps seaweed supplementation (i.e. treatments 2& 3) recorded the lowest blood figures, in varying degrees, of total proteins, AST, ALT, triglycerides, cholesterol and creatinine levels; while recorded the highest blood values, at miscellaneous extents, of albumin and globulin. Significant treatment effects (P£ 0.05 or P£ 0.01) were detected on liver and blood uric acid and meat color quality (i.e. thigh meat lightness, thighs and breast meat redness and yellowness colors).  It seemed from the results that Kelp meal (A. nodosum) supplementationup to 2%, (i.e. treatments 2& 3), to basal diets would beneficially support growth performance, blood parameters, and meat quality of BBB turkey broilers. These effects are likely to make A. nodosum acts as promising potential growth promoter.}, keywords = {Ascophyllum nodosum,BBB Turkeys,Growth performance,Blood parameters, Meat quality}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78741.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78741_209118fa5c12cea17b4846bc46a64cde.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Moneim, Abdel-Moneim}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF WATER ADMINISTRATION OF BACTERIAL IMMUNOSTIMULANT (BRONCHO-VAXOM®) ON PERFORMANCE, BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL, ANTIOXIDATIVE STATUS AND HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE OF GROWING AND LAYING JAPANESE QUAIL}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {65-80}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78743}, abstract = {A straight run experiment was used to investigate the effects of water administration of lyophilized bacterial lysates Broncho-Vaxom® on performance, blood biochemical, antioxidative status and humoral immune response of growing and laying Japanese quail. At the fattening trial, 400 -21-day-old quails were allotted equally into two experimental groups (eight replicates each); the first served as a control and the second received 3.5g Broncho-Vaxom®/ 4L drinking water. The same arrangement was sustained in the laying trial except the reduction of initial number to 160 female quails in each group.No significant alternations were observed in growth performance traits at the end of fattening trial. However, prolongation of treatment time revealed the enhancement effect of Broncho-Vaxom® on final body weight, ovary index and egg production performance. Yolk (%) and yolk-to-albumin ratio were significantly increased, while, albumin (%), egg shape index and Haugh unit were decreased in Broncho-Vaxom® group. Serum liver enzymes and uric acid levels were reduced, while serum concentrations of T3 and HDL-cholesterol were elevated in Broncho-Vaxom® group at the end of growing trial. None of the aforementioned parameters were affected by the treatment at the end of laying trial. Antioxidant status was significantly improved only at 42 days of age, while total antibodies against-NDV and IgG were improved while IgM was not affected at 42 and 98 days of age. In conclusion, administration of bacterial immunostimulant Broncho-Vaxom® enhanced laying productive performance, egg quality, antioxidant status and humoral immune response of Japanese quail at the end of growing and laying periods}, keywords = {Broncho-Vaxom,bacterial lysates,performance,antioxidant,immunity,Quail}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78743.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78743_a5c55780f67758b5f24ce9905c4d1aea.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Gogary, Mohamed}, title = {ECOFRIENDLY SYNTHESIS OF CALCIUM NANOPARTICLES WITH BIOCOMPATIBLE ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS EXTRACT ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS IN BROILER CHICKENS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {81-102}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78748}, abstract = {The point of this examination was to research the impacts of dietary supplementation with rosemary extract 1g/kg diet and synthesized calcium nanoparticles with rosemary extract (0.5 and 1 g/kg) on growth performance, blood profiles and histology in broilers. A total of one hundred twelve1-d-old unsexed broiler chicks were randomly allotted to 4 treatments with 4 replications per treatment and 28 chicks per pen floor. Rosemary extract at 1 g/kg diet, nano rosemary (0.5 and 1.0g/kg) were significant of Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) as compared to control group in the starter period. On the other hand, no significant differences were observed among the control group, rosemary extract and nano-rosemary (0.5 and 1 g/kg diet) groups in feed intake and feed conversion ratio during the whole experimental period. Dietary supplementation with rosemary extract (1 g/kg diet), or rosemary (0.5 and 1 g/kg diet) did not significantly affect the plasma levels of glucose, total protein, albumin and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). But, the supplemented groups with rosemary extract and nano- rosemary 0.5 g/kg had slightly higher concentrations of HDL compared with other groups.  However, dietary supplementation with rosemary extract and nano-rosemary  led to a significant reduction in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations compared with the control group. The results related for humoral immune response of broiler chickens showed significant increases in immunoglobulins in the treated groups compared with the control group. The rosemary extract and Nano-rosemary (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg), applied in the present study, significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the treated broiler chickens as compared to the control group. In a similar way, malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly lower in broiler chickens received the rosemary extract containing diets compared with the control group.The present outcomes show that supplemental nano rosemary of diet has a beneficial effect on lipid profile, immunity, antioxidant status and histological observations of broiler chicken.}, keywords = {Broilers,Nano Rosemary,Lipids Profile,Immune Response,antioxidant status}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78748.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78748_137cde8d826cf1445626b0e2c184947f.pdf} } @article { author = {Hussein, Ahmed}, title = {PERFORMANCE, PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF GROWING CALIFORNI RABBITS REARED in DIFFERENT CAGE DENSITIES.}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {103-114}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78749}, abstract = {The current study was carried out into two separate experiments to study the effect of different cage densities on growth performance, physiological parameters and carcass characteristics of growing rabbits. Thirty-six of six-week-old weaned California males and females were used. Both males and females were divided into three different cage density treatments, one animal (single), two animals (double) or three animals (triple) per cage. Feed intake was daily recorded, while body weight weekly measured. In addition, both daily gain and feed conversion ratio are calculated weekly.  At the end of the experiments blood samples were collected from all animals, plasma cortisol total protein, albumin, and glucose were measured. At the end of experiment all meals were slaughtered for carcass weight, measurements, parts and individual muscle weight were recorded. The most remarkable results are, high cage density (double and/or triple) significantly decreased (P<0.05) feed intake, body weight and daily gain in both males and females. On the other hand, low cage density improved feed conversion ratio(P<0.01) in males only. On the other hand, high cage density increases (P<0.05) plasma cortisol, total protein, globulin and glucose concentration. In addition, high density cages treatments decrease (P<0.05) carcass weight, measurements, carcass parts and individual muscle weight. The current study revealed that rearing both meals and females in single cages during growing period improve their performance and carcass characteristics.  }, keywords = {cage density,feed intake,carcass characteristics,physiological parameters}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78749.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78749_775f650b962244fba196ca1fa7d18f73.pdf} } @article { author = {hassan, Mona}, title = {EFFECT OF SOME NUTRITIONAL TREATMENTS OF OLIVE CAKE MEAL ON DUCKS PERFORMANCE UNDER SOUTH SINAI CONDITIONS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {115-123}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78752}, abstract = {Three hundred and sixty at 7days old Muscovey ducklings were individually weighed and randomly distributed into 12 treatment groups, four levels of olive cake meal OCM (0, 10, 20 and 30 %) and the same levels were supplemented with 300 mg. of antibiotics (colistin+tylosin) or 300 mg. of Rosemary extract.  Results showed that increasing OCM levels in duckling diets decreased body weights, gain , feed intakes ,conversions and digestibility coefficients with no effect on blood parameters. Duckling diets contained OCM and supplemented with300 mg antibiotics improve weights, feed conversion and increased digestibility coefficients. OCM diets supplemented with 300 mg rosemary extract improved feed conversion, increase in TAC values and recorded the highest value of relative economic efficiency of feed. The numbers of microflora of cecum did not differ among experimental groups, demonstrating the safety of dietary treatments to poultry and human populations. It may be concluded that adding herbs extracts may enhance the utilization of olive cake meal without any deleterious effects on ducks performance.}, keywords = {Olive cake meal – antibiotics –rosemary extract and ducks}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78752.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78752_e86ab3711a9fbe5bd7c1e90fa2719593.pdf} } @article { author = {hassan, Mona}, title = {IMPROVING UTILIZATION OF BARLEY GRAINS AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY IN DUCKS DIETS UNDER SOUTH SINAI CONDITIONS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {133-151}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78756}, abstract = {Four hundred and fifty Muscovy ducklings (7 days) were distributed into fifteen groups; 4 basal diets contained 0, 10, 20 or 40% of barely grains; or supplemented with 1g commercial enzyme /kg diet; or 4 pelted barely diets; finally, three sprouted percent of barley grains 10, 20 and 40% were used in three experimental diets comparing with the basal control diet.  Results showed that increasing barley grains levels in duckling diets reflect significant increase in the non -starch polysaccharides (NSP) and  duodenum viscosity ;gradual decrease in digestibility coefficient and nutritive values; ducklings fed diet contained 40% barley grain had lower significant gain compared with control; gradual decrease in feed intake with increase in feed conversion; decrease in carcass % . Adding enzyme or pelleting the experimental diets improved digestibility coefficients and nutritive values. Sprouting technique had recorded the highest desirable results which reflect that group fed  40% barley grains had the best feed conversion compared with other treatments and lowest weights was recorded by group fed basal diet; the highest relative economic efficiency were for groups fed sprouted  barley 20% or 40% being 105%.     }, keywords = {Barley – enzyme,pelting –sprouting – Ducks}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78756.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78756_72abeb48424592722b6f4821074d5e08.pdf} } @article { author = {Badran, Aml}, title = {EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 ADMINISTERED IN-OVO DURING INCUBATION ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE DEVELOPING CHICK EMBRYOS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {153-171}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78757}, abstract = {Total of 400 hatching eggs with an average egg-weight of 60.5 ± 1.5g from Hy-Line Brown Strain acquired from layer breeder flock (46 weeks of age) were used in this study to investigate the impact of in-ovo injection of omega-3 fatty acids on hatchability and some physiological and histological parameters of the developing chick embryos and newly hatched chicks. At the 10th day of embryogenesis, fertile eggs were allocated into four equal groups. In the 1st group, embryonated eggs did not receive any treatment and served as the control group. Eggs of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were injected into the yolk sac with 200μL sterile saline, 100 and 200µL of omega-3 fatty acids, respectively. Results revealed that in-ovo injection with low dose of omega-3 (100µl) resulted in a significant increase in the hatchability percent, embryonic and post-hatch body weight, serum total protein, globulin, thyroid hormones concentrations and total antioxidant capacity in the hepatic and brain tissues as compared with high dose of omega-3 (200µl), or control groups. While, significant increases in serum total lipids, cholesterol, triglycerides concentrations and alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase enzymes activities as well as harmful histological changes in hepatic tissues were observed in high dose of omega-3 (200µl). In conclusion, in-ovo injection with 100µl of omega-3 caused enhancement in hatchability, body weight, total antioxidant capacity of hepatic and brain tissues and some of the physiological aspects during embryonic development and at hatch. }, keywords = {Chicken embryo,omega-3,antioxidant capacity,thyroid hormones,histological changes}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78757.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78757_e9e17299e2c857dd2bda0e8a63d849c0.pdf} } @article { author = {younan, George}, title = {IMPACT OF METAL, ORGANIC AND NANO-PARTICLES COPPER ON SEMEN QUALITY, FERTILIZING CAPACITY AND LIVER FUNCTION IN RABBIT BUCKS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {173-190}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78761}, abstract = {A total of 24 APRI line rabbit bucks having 2.65±0.11 kg live body weight at 20 weeks of age were used in this study. Bucks were divided into four similar groups, 6 bucks in each. Bucks in the 1st group were fed basal diet without any supplements as a control. While those in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were fed the same diet supplemented with 50 mg nano-Cu (nano-Cu), 200 mg Cu sulfate (metal-Cu) or 200 mg Cu-Methionine (organic-Cu) per kg diet, respectively. Semen was collected biweekly at 28 – 36 wks of age for evaluation. APRI does were naturally mated by treatment bucks (24 does/group) at the last week of the experimental period. Results showed that bucks fed diet with nano-Cu had numerically higher (P<0.01) values for live body weigh and body weight gain, followed by those fed diet containing Cu as organic and metal form than a control group. The ALP activity and serum testosterone hormone concentration increased (P<0.05), being the highest values in the 2nd group. Supplemented rabbit bucks with nano-Cu in their diets showed the best (P<0.05) sperm characteristics including progressive motility, livability, and abnormality percentages of spermatozoa and sperm concentration. Sperm membrane integrity, fructose test, LDH activity and peroxidase activity in seminal plasma were better in nano-Cu group as compared to other treatment groups. The examination of buck semen by scanning electron microscope revealed lower types and proportion of sperm abnormality in the 2nd group compared to the other groups. The highest fertility rate (91.7%) was produced in nano-Cu dietary bucks' group, but did not differ significantly from that in metal-Cu (83.3%) and organic-Cu (87.5%) compared to 70.8% in control group. It can conclude that supplementation of the copper in Nano-particles form at a level of 50 mg/kg in the diet of rabbit bucks is recommended for improving semen quality and fertility for artificial insemination and natural breeding in rabbit production field.  }, keywords = {Rabbit,copper,nano- particles,semen quality,fertility,liver function}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78761.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78761_a3187e0f53b881578e11198619db9f57.pdf} } @article { author = {Rabie, Tarik}, title = {INTEGRATION OF QTL DETECTION OF GROWTH TRAITS AND ASSOCIATION STUDY FOR CHICKEN CHROMOSOME 4}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {191-207}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.78762}, abstract = {Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping opens a way for breeders to manipulate quantitative trait genes. The objective of this study is to detect the QTL related to growth performance in local breeds of chicken. A cross between three genetically different chicken’ breeds was used to produce two generations populations.  Total of 16 Saso cocks, and 32 hens (16 of each of Alexandia and Fayoumi) as parents were used to produce first generation (G1). Data of 954 chicks produced during the auxiliary two generations of different crosses (S♂xF♀, S♂xA♀, SF♂xSF♀, SA♂xSA♀, SF♂xSA♀ and SA♂xSF♀) in such a way the genetic homogeneity from G0 to G2 recombinant populations has been considered. These populations were used for detection and localization of QTL related to the growth traits; body weight (BW), growth rate (GR), and average daily gain (ADG). A number of 25 microsatellite markers belong to chicken chromosome 4 (GGA4) have been genotyped, and the regression interval mapping approach was used to identify QTL. The results revealed that all selected markers were informative. There was a statistical evidence for QTL on GGA4 for BW at 8 and 12 weeks of age, whereas one QTL exceeded the significant threshold for the trait of BW at 8 weeks of age. The related trait, growth rate, reached the suggestive threshold. All of three QTL effects identified on GGA4 had their maximum test statistic in the region between 134-154 cM. In addition, most of significant markers (MCW0390, MCW0393, MCW0397, MCW0409, MCW410 and UMA0038) were associated with growth traits at all chicken ages. Although, the polymorphism information content (PIC) obtained over all microsatellite markers was 46%, that around 82% went to UMA0038 locus. Two private alleles were found for markers MCW0405 and MCW0409 with allele frequency around 0.025 in G1 and G2 respectively. Additionally, Chi-square test was used to investigate the deviation of loci from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium individually, and four microsatellite markers (MCW0395, ADL0266, MCW0400 and UMA0038) were not in genetic equilibrium. In addition, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 14% and 86% of variance were observed among and within individuals, respectively. The obtained small value of FST (ranged between 0.001 to 0.019) may reflect generous genetic differentiation. In conclusion, the recognized QTL, integrated with the association study, gave useful and practical information to distinguish molecular genetic factors that influence growth traits within the local populations of chicken.}, keywords = {Poultry,QTL,Microsatellite markers,Crossing,Growth,GGA4}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78762.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78762_e060b96e946504d4271b8991d8e00f33.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Ratel, ibrahim}, title = {POTENTIAL IMPACT OF SPIRULINA ALGA AS AN ANTIOXIDANT ON IMPROVING SEMEN PRODUCTION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN BLOOD AND SEMINAL PLASMA OF RABBIT BUCKS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {209-224}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.81017}, abstract = {This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis on sexual desire, semen quality, and biochemical and antioxidant parameters in blood and seminal plasma of APRI rabbit bucks. Thirty bucks were divided into three groups (10 in each). Bucks in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups daily received drinking water supplemented with 0, 150, 300 mg spirulina/l for one month (treatment period), respectively. About one month of treatment, semen was collected and evaluated twice/week for ten weeks (200 ejaculates/group). At the end of the experiment, biochemical constituents, enzymatic activity and antioxidants status in blood and seminal plasma, as well as blood plasma testosterone were analyzed. Also, does (n=20/group) were naturally mated with five bucks from each group. Net semen volume, pH value, individual motility, livability, membrane integrity and concentration of spermatozoa, total sperm output per ejaculate and semen initial fructose increased (P<0.05), while reaction time, abnormality and acrosomal damage decreased (P<0.05) by both spirulina levels compared with control group. In blood and seminal plasma, total proteins, globulin, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase increased (P<0.05), while aspartate aminotransferase and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (P<0.05) decreased by both spirulina levels. Testosterone and albumin in blood plasma increased (P<0.05) by both spirulina levels. Pregnancy rate and litter size improved (P<0.05) in does mated by bucks treated with both spirulina levels. Spirulina platensis administration at a level of 150 mg/l in drinking water for one month, could be effectively used for improving semen quality, oxidative status and the fertility of rabbit bucks.}, keywords = {Spirulina,rabbit bucks,semen quality,antioxidants,fertility}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81017.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81017_628ba19740aaaaa65145e4cc8af36918.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El-Hady, Ahmed}, title = {EFFECT OF INCORPORATING NATURAL ZEOLITE WITH OR WITHOUT PHYTASE ENZYME INTO BROILERS DIETS ON BLOOD CONSTITUENTS AND CARCASS TRAITS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {225-242}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.81018}, abstract = {The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of Clinoptilolite (Zeolite) addition to the broiler diets with or without phytase enzyme on blood constituents and carcass traits. Total number 594 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly divided into nine equal experimental groups with 3 replicates of 22 birds in each for 35 day of age. Birds of the 2 nd and 3rd groups were fed diets contained 0.05% and 0.075% phytase (5000 FTU/g), the 4 th group was fed diet contained 1% Zeolite, the 5th and 6th groups were fed diet containing 1% Zeolite with 0.050% and 0.075% phytase (5000 FTU/g), respectively, the 7th group was fed diet containing 2% Zeolite, the 8th and 9th groups were fed diet containing 2% Zeolite with 0.05% and 0.075% phytase (5000 FTU/g), respectively. While, the first group presented as basal diet without Zeolite and/or phytase supplementation. Body weight and feed conversion at 35 days of age were significantly improved by Zeolite addition and broiler chickens treated with 0.05% phytase diet had the best body weight. Blood hematology was not affected by Zeolite or phytase treatments, while serum total protein concentration was significantly increased compared with those of the control group. Also, Zeolite addition had a significant decreasing effect on broiler chicken’s cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, as well as phytase supplementation had a significant decreasing effect on broiler chicken’s cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein values. At the end of the experiment, it can be seen that carcass and dressing percentages significantly improved with Zeolite treatments. Generally, it can be considered that natural Zeolite addition to the broiler diets supplemented with or without phytase enzyme enhanced physiological status included serum protein and lipid profile.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81018.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81018_1927ef062449ffd75efb30eedc0ff23d.pdf} } @article { author = {Azouz, Hesham}, title = {EFFECTS OF DIETARY TURMERIC AND FENUGREEK POWDER SUPPLEMENTATION ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LOCAL LAYING HENS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {243-258}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.81028}, abstract = {This experiment was performed to study the effect of adding turmeric(TU) or fenugreek seeds (FE) and both of them in laying hen diets on productive performance. A total number of 90 hens of Sinai local strains, at 59-wks-old were used, weighed individually and allotted randomly into six experimental groups, with three equal replicates, five hens each. Hens had almost similar of initial average live body weights. The 6 treatments were: control treatment (T1) fed on basal diet. The second treatment (T2) was fed on basal diet with 0.1 % turmeric powder. While third and fourth treatments (T3 and T4) supplemented with fenugreek seeds powder levels 0.1 or 0.2 % , respectively. Then, the fifth and sixth treatments (T5 and T6) were given turmeric at level 0.1 % plus 0.1 % or 0.2 % fenugreek seeds, respectively. The results showed that hen group fed on a diet supplemented with 0.1 % TU + 0.2 % FE (T6) achieved the best records of average egg numbers produced per hen and total egg number (60.3). Also, the same treatment attained higher laying rate and egg mass among experimental periods for overall period. Fenugreek seeds alone or with turmeric (T3, T4 and, T5) had positive effects on average egg weight, the heavier egg weight (53.7 g) for T4 during 71-74 wks of age compared with 50.6 g for the control treatment. Feed intake during the overall period was not significantly affected by studied feed additives. Meanwhile, T6 obtained the best FCR as compared with other treatments. Shell index, yolk index and albumin % did not significantly affect by feed supplements. There was improvement in yolk %, shell %, shell thickness and Haugh units due to evaluated additives in hen layer diets. Hens fed on diet with 0.1 % TU + 0.2 % FE (T6) recorded the highest net return and economic efficiency compared to other treatments. In conclusion, the results elucidate that adding turmeric, fenugreek or combination of them enhanced egg production, FCR and egg quality. Also, economic efficiency was improved by adding the mixture of the additives to elderly Sinai local hen diets at the late stage of productive age, 59 – 74 weeks of age.}, keywords = {Turmeric,fenugreek,laying hens performance,egg quality}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81028.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81028_bbbc4a65582dcad9d6a954b579e33caa.pdf} } @article { author = {Khosht, Abeer}, title = {EFFECT OF VARIOUS PROPORTIONS OF LARGE AND SMALL PARTICLES OF LIMESTONE ON EGG PRODUCTION, EGGSHELL AND BONE QUALITIES AT THE PEAK OF EGG PRODUCTION IN GOLDEN MONTAZAH CHICKEN}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {259-273}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.81035}, abstract = {This research examined the inspiration of different proportions of large and small particles of limestone on egg production, eggshell quality and breaking strength of tibia from 32 to 44 weeks of age in Golden Montazah layers diets . Chickens were randomly allocated to four groups - 32 pullets per group were divided into four replicates. Limestone consisting of fine (F> 0.6 mm) and large (L>2.8mm -4.5mm). All chickens obtained a basal diet of the similar formula. Variations between four equal groups depends on the ratio of fine pulverized limestone by larger particle size limestone . Significantly higher eggshell breaking force (31.69N), shell weight (5.65 g), and shell thickness (0.46 mm) were obtained for eggs from the fourth treatment of hens than (29.46 N; 5.33 g ; 0.37mm respectively) for eggs from the control group. Tibia breaking strength was significantly higher for the fourth group (350.66 N) vs. (252.82 N) respectively than those in control group. The conclusion of our study present some chances of eggshell quality enhancement by the use of larger limestone particles as a Ca supplement in layer diets. From 60% to 100% replacement of small size by large particle of limestone given helpful results on eggshell and tibia bone qualities.}, keywords = {Egg production,eggshell quality,limestone,particle sizes,hens,tibia bone}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81035.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81035_6d6209781985ee6c5f9eb7531908e0e6.pdf} } @article { author = {Abougabal, Mohammed}, title = {PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKENS AT DIFFERENT MARKETING AGES}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {275-289}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.81033}, abstract = {Length of production cycle and broiler marketing decision is an important issue especially when productivity and product quality are considered. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of the age at marketing on productive performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of broiler chickens at five different ages. For this purpose, a total of 450 mixed-sex Cobb500 broiler chicks were used. Chicks were randomly distributed into five equal groups with 3 replicates allocated in 15 pens. Broilers were reared until different marketing ages at 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 days. Productive traits were recorded and performance indexes were calculated at different marketing ages. At each marketing day, a slaughter test was done using 12 birds subjected to a simplified carcass analysis. Breast muscles were used for evaluated meat quality and physicochemical properties. The results indicated that the age at marketing had significant effects (p<0.05) on all parameters investigated in point of productive traits, performance indexes, carcass traits, cut-up pieces and meat quality of broiler chickens. In conclusion, delaying marketing age positively increased live body weight and yield of live mass. But it negatively reduces feed efficiency, feed conversion ratio and livability % with increasing age which negatively affected the EPEF of broiler production. According to the EPEF, which expresses technical efficiency in one index, it can be stated that broiler production is only profitable with an EPEF at 30th and 35th days of age only. Thus, broiler farmers and producers have to differentiate or balance between ignoring some reduction in productive performance and compensating this with some added value from selling chicken in portions. But actually further research is required to find out an optimal marketing age in terms of economic considerations to calculate the costs and profits at different marketing ages.}, keywords = {broiler,marketing age,performance,carcass quality}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81033.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81033_e2fb52f6e0f800fb402694475efe5d38.pdf} } @article { author = {Badran, Aml}, title = {N: 1110-5623 (Print) – 2090-0570 (Online) EFFECT OF ACUTE HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS ON EGG PRODUCTION, EGGSHELL QUALITY, INTESTINAL CALCIUM TRANSPORT AND CALBINDIN OF THE LAYING HENS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {291-303}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.81755}, abstract = {One hundred and fifty Hy-line layer hens, 40 weeks of age were used to study the impact of hot climate on egg production, eggshell quality, intestinal calcium transport and calcium binding protein concentration of the laying hen. Birds were randomly allocated to two experimental groups equally, the 1st group, that served as a control, was reared at room temperature under thermoneutral condition which ambient temperature was 25±1ºC, while the second group was subjected to 40±1ºC for 5 days (4 hrours daily). Egg production, eggshell quality, serum concentrations of calcium, phosphorous, thyroid, aldosterone and estrogen hormones as well as acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities were estimated. Calcium binding protein concentration and the transport of radioactive calcium ( 45Ca) across the duodenal were also measured. The results indicated that egg weight, hen-day egg production and eggshell quality were inversely related to high temperature peroids. Serum calcium, calcium binding protein, phosphrous and alkaline phosphatase values were significantly lowered in heat stressed birds. The highest values for serum acid phosphatase and duodenal calcium transport were recorded for heat-treated hens at the 5th days of heat stress period. Thyroid and estrogen hormones unlike aldosterone hormone concentrations declined under hot climates. In conclusion, the present study recommends avoiding exposure to heat stress conditions because of its negative impact on the level of blood calcium and intestinal calbindin-D28k and the consequent decrease in the egg production rate and the deterioration of the eggshell quality}, keywords = {Calcium binding protein. eggshell quality,intestine calcium transport,laying hens}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81755.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81755_c22efc8496b2a773767db4d9fbffc449.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Prollosy, Ali}, title = {EFFECT OF IODINE SOURCES AND DIETARY ENERGY LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF BANDARAH LAYING HENS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {303-324}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.263454}, abstract = {A total number of 330 Bandarah chicken (300 females and 30 males) 40-wks-old, were randomly distributed equally into six experimental groups to investigate the effect of supplementing iodine sources (organic and inorganic) with different metabolizable energy levels in 2×3 factorial design on productive, reproductive and immunological traits during the laying period (40-56 wks of age). Laying hens were fed three different metabolizable energy levels being 2606, 2705 and 2803 kcal/kg diet with 0.5 mg iodine from two sources, organic (iodine enriched yeast) and inorganic (Ca (IO3)2∙H2O). Results obtained could be summarized as follow: Chickens fed diet containing 2705 kcal of ME /Kg diet and supplemented with organic iodine recorded significantly the highest laying rate and egg mass and the best feed conversation ratio compared with the other experimental groups. The highest ratio of triiodothyronine to thyroxin were recorded for the groups fed diet containing 2606 or 2705 kcal of ME /Kg diet and supplied with organic iodine compared with the other experimental groups. The group fed diet contained 2606 kcal of ME /Kg diet and supplied with organic iodine had significantly an increase in plasma high density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein to low density lipoprotein ratio compared with the other experimental groups. Results displayed that there was a significant increase in serum total antioxidant capacity when hens fed diet contained 2606 kcal of ME /Kg diet compared with those fed 2705 or 2803 kcal of ME /Kg diet supplemented with both of iodine sources. Feeding laying hen diet containing 2606 kcal of ME /Kg diet supplied with organic iodine showed significantly the highest Immunoglobulin G value compared with the others.  It could be concluded that the supplementing diets containing 2705 or 2606 kcal of ME /Kg diet with 0.5 mg iodine enriched yeast/Kg diet is the most successful supplement for enhancing productive, hatchability, immunity, antioxidant status, as well as economical efficiency for Bandarah laying hens.}, keywords = {Organic iodine,Metabolizable energy,Laying performance,blood parameters}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_263454.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_263454_aa3a71f1108c076b60b61b0b63b4a1b4.pdf} } @article { author = {Badran, Aml}, title = {EFFECT OF DIETARY CURCUMIN AND CURCUMIN NANOPARTICLES SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, IMMUNE RESPONSE AND ANTIOXIDANT OF BROILERS CHICKENS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {1}, pages = {325-343}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.81756}, abstract = {The current study evaluated the effect of dietary inclusion of curcumin (Cur) or curcumin nanoparticles (CurNPs) on growth performance, blood metabolites, antioxidant status and humoral immunity of broiler chicks. In a completely randomized block design, a total of 504 one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to seven experimental groups with eight replications of nine birds each. The first (control) group received the basal diets without supplements while the 2nd, 3rd and 4 th groups were fed diets supplemented with 25, 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 of Cur and the 5th , 6 th and 7th groups were fed the same levels but from CurNPs, respectively. Results showed that the addition of 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 of Cur, irrespective of the form used, improved body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and reduced feed consumption. The same doses increased relative weights of liver, thymus and bursa of Fabricius. Hypocholestrolimic impact of Cur and CurNPs was remarkably observed in treated birds. Regardless Cur form, lipid peroxidation was reduced while glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were enhanced in groups treated with 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 . Both Cur forms exhibited immunomodulatory effect as total serum antibody titer against SRBCs, IgG and IgM were elevated at 21 and 35 day of age. In conclusion, supplementation of Cur and CurNPs to broiler diets, particularly at levels of 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 , improved growth performance, reduced blood cholesterol, and enhanced redox status and humoral immune response of broiler chickens.}, keywords = {Growth performance,antioxidant,hypolipidemic,immunomodulatory,curcumin nanoparticles,broiler}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81756.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_81756_295f00ed4dad2eb901124ade1be5a9a1.pdf} }