@article { author = {K., naglaa and AlAfifi, Sh.}, title = {THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, INTESTINAL BACTERIA AND HISTOMORPHOLOGY OF BROILER CHICKS FED DIETS CONTAINING HOT RED PEPPER}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {345-357}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {The current study aimed to investigate, the effect of feeding graded levels of hot red pepper on performance, ileal bacteria and histomorphology of broiler chicks. Four hundred day-old Ross broiler chicks were allocated into four groups. The chicks of the first group were fed basal diet (control) and the other three groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with three levels of red pepper as 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%. Body weight gain and feed conversion ratio improved significantly due to feeding different graded levels of hot pepper. Hot pepper has broad spectrum bactericidal activity against the growth of gram negative pathogenic bacteria E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, and gram positive lactobacilli bacteria. Plasma cholesterol and total lipids reduced significantly at level of 1% and 2% red pepper. Feeding 2% pepper increased plasma total protein and albumin significantly while, 0.5% and 1% levels lacked significance. Hot red pepper supplementation did not affect the dressing carcass, liver and heart weight percentage or immune organs spleen and bursa.  There were significant increments in intestinal villi length associate with significant reduction in crypt depth due to feeding hot pepper at 1% and 2% levels. It can be concluded that, adding hot red pepper into diets can improve broiler performance by increasing villi length and inhibiting harmful bacteria.  }, keywords = {broiler,hot pepper,performance,histomorphology,intestinal bacteria}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95716.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95716_1cc7a3b4216c53b62f849473a39103bc.pdf} } @article { author = {M., Abd El-Razek and N., Makled, and E, Galal, and El-kelawy, Mahmoud}, title = {EFFECT OF SPLIT FEEDING SYSTEM ON EGG PRODUCTION AND EGG QUALITY OF DANDARAWI LAYERS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {359-371}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.96091}, abstract = {This study was conducted to study the effect of split feeding system on egg production and egg quality of Dandarawi layers during their late phase of egg production cycle.  A total of 100 Dandarawi Layers (12 months old) were divided into two groups. Each group was divided into 5 replicates (10 hens each). The first group was kept as control and fed one diet throughout the day (regular diet with optimum level of energy, protein and calcium). Whereas, the second group was fed according to split feeding system by having access to two diets throughout the day. The first diet (high energy, high protein and low calcium) offered from 6 am to 6 pm, and the second diet (low energy, low protein and high calcium) offered from 6 pm to 6 am. The diet offered throughout the daily hours was higher by 10% energy, 23% protein and lower by 50% calcium than the diet offered throughout the night hours.  Body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, egg production traits, egg quality were recorded, estimated or calculated. The results revealed that the split feeding system did not result in any significant (P>0.05) changes in body weight or body weight change during the experiment period from 12 to 16 months of age. Feed consumption was significantly decreased by 16.1 % and feed conversion ratio was significantly improved by 25 % by following split feeding system. There was a tendency to numerical increase in egg number by 9.47 %, egg laying rate % by 9.5%, and egg mass by 9 % for the split feeding system during the previous period. Split feeding system significantly increased egg length, egg width, albumen weight, albumin height and Haugh units compared with the control group. However, there was no significant influence of split feeding on egg weight, egg specific gravity, shape index, egg yolk quality, albumin%, and eggshell traits. It could be concluded that split feeding of Dandarawi layers at their late phase of egg laying cycle has led to decreasing feed consumption, improving feed conversion ratio, saving in feed cost and increasing egg number and egg mass.}, keywords = {Split feeding system,Egg production,egg quality,layers}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96091.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96091_d73b1aa61a146280def4b4f40a22b302.pdf} } @article { author = {ELDeeb, Mariam and Makled, M. and Refaie, M. and El-kelawy, M.}, title = {INFLUENCE OF IN OVO FEEDING WITH VITAMIN C OR GLUCOSE ON POST-HATCH PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF DANDRAWI CHICKS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {373-394}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of in ovo feeding during early-embryonic life with either vitamin C or glucose on hatchability, post hatch performance, carcass traits and gut histology. Two sets of Dandrawi fertile eggs (400 eggs each with average weight 51.1± 0.2g) were used in two separate trials. On d 14 of incubation, eggs of the first set (Trial 1) were examined and those containing live embryos were divided equally into 4 treatments (100 eggs/ treatment) and injected in the amnion as follows: T1 (negative control, no injection); T2 (positive control, injected with 0.1ml saline solution 0.9g/L); T3 (injected with 0.1ml 2.5 % water solved vitamin C); T4 (injected with 0.1ml 5% water solved vitamin C). Eggs of Trial II: T1 (negative control, no injection); T2 (positive control, injected with 0.1ml saline solution 0.9g/L); T3 (injected with 0.1ml 5 % water solved glucose); T4 (injected with 0.1ml 10% water solved glucose).  Hatched chicks from each trial were allocated into 3 replicates/ treatment and brooded till 10 weeks old. Performance of chicks of T4 (Trial 1) hatched from the eggs injected with 5% vitamin C showed significant (P<.01) improvement in BW, BWG, FCR and scored the lowest percent of mortality. However; measurements of carcass traits showed no significant differences among treatments. Furthermore, blood parameters were all within normal physiological values. Histological examination of the gut revealed positive influence (P<.01) of 5% vitamin C injection level on height and width of duodenum villi. Results of the second trial showed significant (P<.01) enhancement in performance of the chicks hatched from the eggs injected with 10% glucose. Also, histological evaluation of the same group scored the highest (P<.01) values of duodenum villi height and width. In conclusion, in ovo injection at d 18 of incubation with either 0.1 ml 5% vitamin C or 0.1ml 10% glucose improved post hatch Dandarawi chicks’ performance and gut histological traits related to nutrient absorption.}, keywords = {In Ovo feeding,vitamin c,glucose,Hatchability,performance,gut histology}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95719.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95719_cdc5b4e7765848486a8c743a07d73947.pdf} } @article { author = {khulel, rafh}, title = {USING MICROSOFT EXCEL IN FORMULATING POULTRY RATIONS BY LINEAR PROGRAMMING Rafh Mohammed Taher Khulel}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {395-404}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {Formulation of the least cost rations that provides the nutrient requirements of birds is an important goal in poultry production . The aim of the present study was to create an application in the Excel program for formulation of low-cost poultry diets that provide adequate nutritional requirements using linear programming based on the Solver function of the Excel program and composition of  common feed ingredients used in poultry diets (yellow corn, wheat, soybean meal , barley, wheat bran, protein concentrate, limestone, table salt, di-calcium phosphate, vitamins and minerals premix ,and vegetable oil), if their default prices are 500, 450, 750, 350, 250,1750, 250, 100, 500, 4500,and 1500) Iraqi Dinar / kg, respectively.The results showed that the Solver function in - Excel can be used to solve linear programming models such as those used for formulation of least cost poultry rations. This Microsoft Excel application is ready to use and can be used to assist researchers and students in formulating poultry rations that provide the desired nutritional requirements of poultry at the lowest cost.}, keywords = {application,Excel,Poultry,Ration}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95720.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95720_79a1ffd9748c6785eaa6b18f67966cf5.pdf} } @article { author = {Hussein, Ahmed and Abd El-Fattah, M.}, title = {EFFECT OF SEX AND FEED FREQUENCY ON GROWING CALIFORNIA RABBITS, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND MEAT QUALITY}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {405-419}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.95721}, abstract = {The current study aimed to investigate the effect of increasing feed frequency as a managerial method for both males and females’ California rabbits on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. Thirty-six males and Thirty-six females of six-week-old were used. Both males and females were divided into three treatments. The first treatment (once) feed was offered once a day at 8 am second treatment (twice) feed was offered twice a day 8 am and 4 pm and third treatment (thrice) feed was offered three times a day at 6 am 12 pm and 6 pm. Growth performance measurements were recorded daily (Feed intake, body weight, daily gain and feed conversion ratio).  At the end of experiment (8 weeks) all rabbits (males and females) were slaughtered after 8 hours of fasting. Carcass weight, carcass parts and individual muscles weight were recorded. The current study showed that, feed frequency significantly (P<0.001) improved feed intake in both males and females. Subsequently, increasing number of feeding increased (P<0.01) final weight, total gain and average daily gain, without any effect on feed conversion ratio in both males and females. Moreover, increased body weight of males and females fed more than one time a day resulted in an increase (P<0.01) in carcass weight and carcass parts. In addition, increased feed frequency decreased (P<0.05) carcass’s fat.  The current study showed that increasing feed frequency in both males and females improved rabbits’ performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. }, keywords = {feed frequency,sex,carcass characteristics,performance,meat quality}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95721.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95721_298a4518c772b034088f1da9e2c19035.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghanem;, Hanan and El-Sahn, Amany and Iraqi, Ebtsam and EL-Turky, Afaf}, title = {EFFECT OF MAGNETIC WATER AND FLOCK AGE ON SEMEN EVALUATION AND HATCHABILITY TRAITS IN GOLDEN SABAHIA STRAIN}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {421-440}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.95966}, abstract = {The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of magnetic water and flock age on semen parameters, egg quality traits, some hatching traits and hatchling internal organs weight for Golden Sabahia strain chickens. Two hundred and eighty females with twenty eight males from this strain at two different ages 35 and 50 weeks were used in this experiment. Besides, 80 cocks (20 cocks / group) used for semen evaluation. Birds of each age were divided into two groups, the 1st drank non magnetic tap water (TW) and the 2nd group drank water exposed to magnetic field (MFW).        The main results could be summarized as follows: 1-   In Golden Sabahia strain, drank elder cocks with MFW significantly improved ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, motility percentage and number of live sperm compared with elder cocks non-drinking magnetic water. 2-   Interaction between magnetic water and flock age reveals that the best improvement of egg weight and shell weight % were observed for MFW × old group. 3-   Fertility and hatchability percentages improved for eggs produced from hens drank magnetic water compared with control groups. Also, drank elder chickens magnetic water (MFW × old) significantly improved fertility % compared to (TW × old ) group. 4-   At 18 day of incubation, the relative weight of yolk sac was higher in eggs produced from birds drank magnetic water compared with those drank non magnetic tap water (P≤0.05). 5-   Drinking chickens with MFW realized the heaviest chicks body weight at hatch and significantly increased of chick length when compared with the control group for this strain. Also, drinking elder hens with magnetic water improved chick length           (MFW × old) compared to  (TW × old) and (TW × young) groups. 6-   Magnetic water had no influence on internal organs weight of chicks at hatch and egg shell weight at 14 and 18 day of incubation. It was concluded that treated Golden Sabahia strain with magnetic water improved semen parameters, egg quality traits, fertility and hatchability percentages especially for older age.}, keywords = {Magnetic water,Flock age,Semen,egg quality,hatching traits,Golden Sabahia}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95966.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95966_793094f0f2ea8475167e2341004634bd.pdf} } @article { author = {El Iraqi, Ebtsam}, title = {EFFECT OF LIGHTING REGIMENS AND DIETARY IODINE SOURCES ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE FOR MANDARAH CHICKEN STRAIN}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {441-462}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.95728}, abstract = {The objective of the present experiment was to examine the effect of  lighting regimens, iodine sources and levels and their interactions on productive performance, hatching traits, some biochemical blood parameters and thyroid hormones of Mandarah chickens. A total of 400 Mandarah chicks at 8 weeks of age were housed in closed system house and divided randomly into two equal groups (200 chicks / group). Chicks of the first group were exposed to Step-Up Photoperiod (SUP): The photoperiod was increased gradually from 10 h/d at 8 wks of age by half an hour each wk to reach 16 h/d at 20 wk of age (Lr1), Chicks of the second group were exposed to Constant–Step Up Photoperiod (C- SUP): The photoperiod was kept constant at 12 h/d at 8 weeks of age until 16 wk of age and increased gradually by an hour each wk to reach 16 h/d at 20 wk of age (Lr2). The chicks within each lighting regimen were divided equally into four dietary supplementations groups (5 replicates of 10 birds each) as follows: basal diet supplemented with 0 .5 mg Potassium iodide (control, T1), 2 mg Potassium iodide (T2), 0 .5 mg Iodide-enriched yeast (T3) and 2 mg Iodide-enriched yeast (T4) / Kg diet. The results during the laying period up to 36 wk have shown that exposing Mandarah chickens to Lr1 regimen significantly improved egg weight, egg production (%) , egg mass , feed conversion ratio, fertility (%), hatchability (%),body weight at hatch, yolk sac and fabricious gland (%) compared to Lr2 regimen. Moreover, plasma IgM, IgG, TAC, HDL, HDL/LDL ratio and T4 significantly increased for Lr1 compared with Lr2. Feeding Mandarah chickens on 2mg organic iodine/kg diet significantly improved the laying performance , feed conversion ratio, plasma IgM, HDL, HDL/LDL, T3/T4, L%, H%, H/L ratio compared with inorganic iodine either o.5 or 2 mg /kg diet. Also, the interaction of Lr1˟ organic iodine ˟ 2 represented highest (p<0.05) values of egg production%,egg mass,plasma IgM, HDL,HDL/LDL,T3/T4 ratio and L (%), Besides improvement of feed conversion compared with other interactions. In conclusion, it is possible to use the SUP regimen combined with feeding  on 2 mg organic iodine /kg diet in laying management from 8-36 weeks of age to improve productive and reproductive performance, hatching traits, hatched chicks body weight and immunity system of Mandarah chickens.}, keywords = {lighting regimens,Iodine,productive,hatching traits,blood parameters,laying hens}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95728.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95728_9566784265ceea23e290c5e5fb4779b6.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Fawzia}, title = {EFFECT OF SUBSTITUTING LENTIL SCREENING BY-PRODUCT FOR SOYBEAN MEAL ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENTS DIGESTIBILITY AND CARCASS PARAMETERS OF GROWING RABBITS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {463-480}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.95968}, abstract = {The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional impacts of the inclusion of different levels of lentil screening by-product (LSB) as unconventional ingredient of protein sourceas a replacement ofsoybean meal (SBM) on the growth performance,nutrients digestibility, carcass parameters and plasma constituents and of growing rabbits as well economic efficiency of the diets. Sixty New Zealand White (NZW) growing rabbits, 6 weeks age with an average live body weight 617.9 ±62.4 g were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments as follows: the first used as control diet while the other three diets were formulated to replace LSB for SBM at levels of 25, 50 and 75% (which is equal to 5, 10 and 15% LSB). The results showed that LSB contained 26.6% CP and 12.4% CF on DM basis. LSB was superior in gross energy content than SBM. Lentil screening by-product contains higher concentrations of phytochemicals such as saponnin (26.3 mg/100gDM), phytic acid (610 mg/100g DM), phenolic content (21.01 mg GAE/g DM) and tannins (840 mg catechin equivalent/100 g DM). The rabbits group fed 5% LSB achieved significantly (P<0.05) higher digestibility of CP and value of DCP compared to the control group. Moreover, the same group was higher (P<0.05) in TDN and DE values than the rabbits group fed 15% LSB. They also recorded the highest (P<0.05) final live weight. Daily gain significantly (P<0.05) increased in the groups fed 5, 10 and 15%LSB. The group fed the diet contained 15% LSB achieved the highest (P<0.05) hot carcass weight (g), dressing% and total edible parts%. The group fed 5%LSB recorded the highest (P<0.05) level of globulin. The total cholesterol content, ALT and AST levels tended to be lower (P<0.05) for both groups fed 10 and 15% LSB. Since the use of up to 15% of LSB didn’t have a detrimental effect on productive performance, carcass characteristics and plasma constituents as well as economic efficiency in growing rabbit diets; therefore, lentil screening by-product can be recommended as replacement up to 75% of SBM in growing rabbits diets.}, keywords = {Lentil screening,Rabbits,Growth,digestibility}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95968.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_95968_4210213d28551c15eb052f6e0110f58d.pdf} } @article { author = {waly, amany and Ragab, Ayat and AboEl-Azayem, Enayat and A. H., Quta and Mobarez, Samia}, title = {CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS, MEAT QUALITY AND CECAL ACTIVITY OF GROWING NEW ZELAND RABBITS FED EUCALYPTUSINCLUSION AS NON-TRADITIONAL FEED ADDITIVES}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {481-491}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.96093}, abstract = {An 8-week experiment was carried out to determine the effect of supplementing diet with dried eucalyptus globulus leaves or its aqueous extract on carcass characteristics, meat quality and cecal activity of growing New Zeland rabbits. For this, 225 weaned rabbits of 6 weeks of age were allotted to five treatments with three replicates (15 rabbits each). Treatment diets were the control diet and other four treatment diets which supplemented with 0.25; 0.5% dried eucalyptus leaves and 0.05; 0.1% aqueous extract of eucalyptus leaves, respectively.The rabbits were housed and fed in individual cages.At the end of the experiment, 15 rabbits were slaughtered (three rabbits/group) to evaluate carcass characteristics, meat quality and cecal activity. Experimental treatments had no significant effect on carcass traits includedhot carcass, dressing and impiety intestinal weight percent except abdominal and shoulder fat % which were significantly reduced. Drip loss and cooking loose of growing rabbits meat significantly (p<0.05%) improved by the experimental diets. There were no differences between experimental diets in pHu of meat and small intestine while stomach pHu was significantly reduced.Forchemical measurements of meat qualityandconcentration of total protein significantly (P<0.01) increased as well as cholesterol and HDL decreased, alsomalondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were significantly improved compared to those of the control. The cecal length was decreased (P<0.01) in supplemented groups, while full and impiety weight were not significantly affected. The results of cecal activity showed that inclusion of eucalyptus as dried leaves or its aqueous extract was not significantly affected the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N); volatile fatty acids (VFAs)and pHu of cecum. The bacterial account significantly reduced with using eucalyptus as non-traditional feed additives. The current study indicated that eucalyptus could be utilized as an effective additive to improve meat quality and to reduce caecal bacterial counts in rabbits.}, keywords = {Eucalyptus,carcass characteristics,meat quality,cecal activity,Rabbits}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96093.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96093_bcc17e1ad66cc88a299a6763bc08865f.pdf} } @article { author = {K., naglaa and Kamel, Sahar}, title = {EFFECT OF HERBS ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING HENS, SOME BLOOD CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITYIN EGG YOLK}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {493-505}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.96095}, abstract = {The present study aimed to evaluate the comparative effect of ginger, cinnamon, thyme, cumin black seed and pomegranate peels on productive performance, egg quality and some blood constituents of laying hens. Ninety white Hi-Sex layers at 30 week of age were randomly allocated into six treatment groups for ten weeks experimental period. The layers groupsfed six different diets as, basal diet (T1, control)or basal diets supplemented with 1% of five different dried herbal plants , cumin black seeds (T2), thyme (T3), cinnamon (T4), ginger (T5) and pomegranate peels (T6). Thyme wasthe most effective supplementation in improving egg production followed by cinnamon. Average egg weight reduced significantly by feeding dietary thyme, cinnamon, ginger or pomegranate peels. Herbal plants have no significant (P≤ 0.05) effects on feed consumption or feed conversion ratio. The percentages of egg yolk, albumin or egg shell did not differ due to treatments. There were reductions in plasma and yolk levels of total cholesterol and LDL. Total phenolic content in different herbs were significantly similar.  Free radical scavenging capacity (DPPH reduction %) was approximately similar for different herbs plants, and in egg yolk. Egg yolk contents of carotenoids increased significantly due to inclusion different herbal plants into laying hens diets. It can be concluded that, herbal plants can be employed as natural antioxidants due to its high contents of phenols. As well, inclusion of herbal plants into hen diets can improve the nutritive values of produced eggs via increasing its content of carotenoids and antioxidants. }, keywords = {laying hens,herbs,antioxidant,egg quality,blood constituents}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96095.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96095_01d2f1182905ea028d45a3c745865f8c.pdf} } @article { author = {AbdAlHaleem, Hasan and Elsayed, Osama and Fadl, Ahmed and AbdEltoab, Fadl,}, title = {EFFECT OF DIETARY OREGANO SUPPLEMENTATION ON PRODUCTIVE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {507-524}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.96098}, abstract = { A total number of 225 unsexed-one-day old Starbro broiler chicks were randomly distributed into 5 equal experimental groups with three replicates of 15 chicks each. The first group was fed the basal diet and served as control group. The second and third groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.25 and 0.50g Robadiar/kg diet, respectively. The fourth and fifth groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.30 and 0.60g Orego-Stim/kg diet, respectively. The effect of these feed additives on performance of broilers were evaluated. The results obtained could be summarized as follows: broiler chicks of the fifth group recorded the best values for live body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio followed by fourth, third and second treatment groups compared with the control diet. Relative weight of eviscerated carcass, heart and edible organs were significantly (P≤0.05) increased by dietary oregano groups (except the second group) compared with the control group. Also, relative weights of thymus and bursa significantly (P≤0.05) increased for the fifth group compared to the control one, while, abdominal fat (%) was significantly (P≤0.05) reduced by dietary treatments. All dietary additives significantly reduced the total counts of anaerobic and E. coli bacteria, at the same time, they increased the beneficial bacteria counts (lactobacillus), moreover, birds of fifth group recorded the lowest counts of both anaerobic and E. coli bacteria, and the highest count of lactobacillus compared to other treatment groups and untreated control group. Chicks fed the fifth diet significantly (P≤0.05) had high plasma total protein, globulin and glucose concentrations compared to control diet. Each of plasma total lipids, total cholesterol and triglycerides concentration was significantly (P≤0.05)decreased in all supplemented diet groups comparing to the control group. However, plasma concentrations of aspartate amino transaminase and alanine transaminase activities as well as albumin/globulin ratio were not significantly affected. There were significant (P≤0.05) increases in the counts of erythrocytes and total counts of leukocytic, but no in  lymphocytes, heterophil and heterophil/lymphocytes ratio due to tested supplements compared to the control. Economic efficiency values increased by about 7.43, 10.00, 15.14 and 16.71% for second, third, fourth and fifth groups, respectively over the control group. Supplementing diet with 0.60g Orego-Stim/kg diet significantly improved the growth performance, carcass characteristic and some physiological and immunological parameters of broiler chicks.}, keywords = {oregano,broiler,productive performance,carcass,physiological parameters}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96098.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96098_15054174bfb66caa6fe13942a652983e.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Tahawy, waleed}, title = {ANALYSIS OF HETEROTIC COMPONENTS IN A CROSS BRED BETWEEN TWO EGYPTIAN LOCAL CHICKEN STRAINS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {525-535}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {This study was conducted at the Poultry Research Unit (EL-Bostan farm), Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University. The point of the work were to estimate direct heterosis maternal effect and direct additive effect of growth and reproduction traits in the local chicken strain Sinai (SI) through crossing with Alexandria (AL) strain raised under Egyptian environmental conditions. Percentage heterosis estimates for body weight were the highest at 8 weeks of age (30.17%) and declined at 12 weeks of age (9.9%). Estimates of direct heterosis for egg production trait were associated with significant negative heterosis. Percentage heterosis was 37.56% for age at sexual maturity (ASM) and 40.34% for egg mass. Maternal effect on body weight at different ages was significant. Body weights of chickens from Alexandria line mothers were significantly superior to those from Sinai line mother. Maternal effect of egg production traits was significant on ASM, egg number through 90 day and egg mass.  In conclusion, our results suggest that crossbreeding by mating of Alexandria sires with Sinai dams is recommended to improve egg production trait, while mating of Sinai sires with Alexandria dams is recommended to improve growth traits. }, keywords = {Cross breeding,direct additive effect,maternal additive effect,local chicken}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96405.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96405_09605f9f72d36afd24ca26ec8cf8d227.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Magdy}, title = {EFFECT OF INTERACTION BETWEEN NUMBER OF DAY LIGHT HOURS AND DIETERY PROTEIN LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE OF TWO DEVELOPED STRAIN CHICKENS.}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {537-554}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.96408}, abstract = {This experiment was carried out on the Matrouh and Silver Montazah strains which used 120 females + 12 males for  each strain to study the effect of interaction between number of day light hours and dietary protein levels on productive, physiological and immunological performance. The groups were as follows: The first group was taken 17 hours lighting /day + 16% dietary protein (control group); the second group was taken 17 hours lighting /day + 18% dietary protein; the third group was taken 15 hours lighting /day + 16% dietary protein; The fourth group was taken 15 hours lighting /day + 18% dietary protein. Theobtained results indicated that the group fed 18% dietary protein gave the lower feed intake and improved feed conversion compared with groups which take 16% dietary protein. The group reared under 17 h lighting /day + 16% dietary  protein gave the best egg weight and egg mass compared with  groups rearing under 15 h lighting /day and groups had18% dietary protein gave the high egg weight, egg mass and egg production % compared with  those  take 16% dietary protein. the higher values of egg shell thickness was for group fed 18% dietary protein compared with 16% dietary protein and the groups of Matrouh strain under 17 h lighting /day and 18% and 16% dietary protein and Silver Montazah under 17 h lighting /day and 18% dietary protein gave the higher fertility (%).Matrouh strain reared under 17 h lighting /day and using 18% dietary protein gave the higher values of PCV%, WBC's, lymphocytes, heterophils and H/L ratio. The groups take 17 h dietary /day gave the higher blood total protein level and total cholesterol compared with the groups take 15 h dietary /day. It could be concluded that the best of treated groups was  under 17 hour light/day plus preferred that diets containing 18% crude protein for improving productive, physiological and immunological performance for these developed strains in Egypt.}, keywords = {Day light,Dietary protein,productive performance,Developed strain}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96408.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96408_10947c8e2a7b24d250f56cfcb8a6f6df.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Magdy}, title = {EFFECT OFINTERACTION BETWEEN FEED RESTRICTION AND DIETARY ENERGY LEVELS ON PRODUCTIVE, PHYSIOLOGICAL, IMMUNOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF TWO STRAINS OF LAYING HENS.}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {40}, number = {2}, pages = {555-575}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2020.96412}, abstract = {This study was conducted to determine the effect of interaction between feed restriction and dietary energy levels on productive, physiological and immunological performance as well as economic efficiency of Matrouh and Silver Montazah chickens (females and males).A total number of 240 females and 24 males 24 weeks old from each of Matrouh (MAT) and Silver Montazah (SM) layer strains (120 females and 12 males from each strain) were used, Birds of each strain were randomly divided into 4 equal groups with 3 replicates each of 10 females and one male. The first and second groups fed diet contained 2800 and 2600 kcal ME /kg diet, respectively at a rate of 120g/ hen/day. The third and fourth groups fed diet contained 2800 and 2600 kcal ME /kg diet, respectively at a rate of 100g/ hen/day. Theobtained results showed that Silver Montazah hens recorded higher values for egg production%, egg weight,egg mass and feed efficiency, hatchability % and post hatch chick weight as well as T3, LH and FSH hormones as compared  with Matrouh (MAT) hens.Reducing the amount of feed provided to hens (100 g/hen/ day) significantly improved feed efficiency and increased blood levels of T3 and LH hormones, fertility and hatchability percentages, chick weight at hatch and weight of abdominal fat were significantly decreased. the best results of egg production%, egg weight and egg mass, as well as chick weight at hatch, fertility and hatchability percentages were recorded for SM hens which received diet containing 2800 kcal ME at a rate of 120g/hen/day, the lowest results were recorded for MAT hens which fed diet contained 2600 kcal ME at a rate of 100g /hen/day. However, the best feed efficiency was recorded for hens of both strains which received diet contained 2800 kcal at rate of 100 g/hen/day. T3 and LH hormones, chick weight at hatch as well as fertility and hatchability percentages were increased for SM hens either those received low or high dietary energy content at a rate of 120 or 100g/hen/day comparing with MAT hens which received the same experimental diets. Semen quality traits were found to be improved for SM cocks under the two levels of energy and feeding.The highest economic efficiency values were exhibited by SM hens fed high or low dietary energy levels at a rate of 100 g / hen / day. It could be concluded that the best feed efficiency and economic efficiency were recorded for hens of both strains which received diet contained 2800 kcal at rate of 100 g / hen/ day.}, keywords = {feed restriction,Dietary Energy,Egg production,fertility,Developed strains}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96412.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_96412_fc189027f30e11647492ec2bf11818e1.pdf} }