@article { author = {mawad, ayman}, title = {UTILIZATION OF SUSTAINED FINISHER DIETS CONTAINED ALTERNATIVE PROTEIN SOURCES AND LEVELS ON PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS TRAITS OF BROILERS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {319-331}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2017.5385}, abstract = {An experiment was conducted to study the effect of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with mix of corn gluten meal (CGM), sunflower meal (SFM) and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) at (2.5, 5 and 7.5%, respectively) with different protein levels (21, 20 and 19%) at finisher diets on live performance and carcass traits of broilers. A total of 432 day old Cobb 500 chicks were randomly distributed into 6 treatments at (19-35) days of age, each with three replicates, each replicate contains 24 chicks. The six treatments were: 1) control 21% CP, 2) tested 21% CP, 3) control 20% CP, 4) tested 20% CP, 5) control 19% CP and 6) tested 19% CP. Control diets were based only on soybean meal (SBM) as a source of protein, while tested diets based on mix of (CGM, SFM and DDGS) beside SBM. At the end of experiment at 35 days of age, 5 broilers per treatment were slaughtered and evaluated for carcass traits. The results of this study have shown that feeding tested diets at 21 and 20% protein could be applied without any effect on performance or carcass traits when compared to the corresponding control diets. However, feeding 19% tested diet showed better performance than control 19% but with no significant difference between them. So, it can be concluded that mix of (CGM, DDGS and SFM) could be included up to 15% to replace soybean meal protein in broiler finisher diets at a CP level ranged between 19 and 21 %.}, keywords = {Alternative ingredients,performance,Finisher diets,carcass traits}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5385.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5385_1a10174aeac545e596cbb0318f341e45.pdf} } @article { author = {elgendy, yasmin}, title = {EFFECTS OF MORINGA LEAFAS A NATURAL ANTIOXIDANT ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, BLOOD LIPID PROFILES AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF RABBITS UNDER MODERATE HEAT STRESS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {333-344}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2017.5405}, abstract = {Heat stress has negative effects on the performances of growing rabbits. The rabbit sector is a more vulnerable to global warming and climate change. The objective of this paper was studying effects of moringa leaf meal (MLM) on performance, immune response, and blood lipid profiles of growing rabbits under moderate heat stress. Forty-eight V-line unsexed rabbits, 5 weeks old, with initial weight of 704.4±68.19 g were used and allocated randomly to four groups of 12 rabbits each. Frist group fed basal diet free of feed additives (control). Second, third and fourth groups fed basal diet with 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 % MLM supplementation, respectively. The results revealed that final body weight was significantly increased by the inclusion of MLM at 0.2 and 0.3 % compared with control. There was significant decrease in daily feed intake with an increase in the rate of MLM up to 0.2 %. Moringa significantly increased antibody titters against SRBCs compared with control group at 7, 14 and 21 days after vaccination. Also, it stimulated significantly IgM immune response of growing rabbits in comparison with the control group. Serum cholesterol, LDL and MDA levels were significantly decreased as MLM concentration administered increases. Significant increase in total antioxidant capacity was recorded due to MLM supplementation in comparison with control. Based on the experimental results, it is concluded that supplementing rabbits under moderate heat stress with MLM could be better strategy to improve immune response and blood lipid profiles.}, keywords = {Rabbits – Moringa,antioxidant status,Hematological parameter}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5405.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5405_a6506a541ad3daeb5fc0d222ecd1020e.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sheikh, Said}, title = {EFFECT OF USIN GCANOLA MEAL TREATED BY CLAY ON LAYING HEN PERFORMANCE UNDER DESERT CONDITION}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {345-361}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2017.5406}, abstract = {A total number of 105 Lohman laying hens, 22 weeks of age were used to study the effect of using canola meal treated by clay on laying hen performance under desert condition. Hens were divided equally into seven treatment groups; three levels of CM (10, 15 and 20 %) and two levels of clay (0 and 2%), in addition to control group. Each group contains five replicates with 3 birds each.Canola meal had a moderate levels of most amino acids but higher levels of methionine and arginine (1.50 and 30.21 mg/g) compared to amino acid of Soya bean meal (1.05 and 25.85 mg/g). Hens fed 20% CM with or without 2% clay recorded the lowest significant final body weight and body weight change (1589.00, 1593.33 and 69.33, 74.00 g), respectively. Hen fed 15% CM with 2% clay recorded higher egg production and egg mas (81.54% and 46.72 g/hen/day). Hens fed 20% CM without clay recorded the highest feed consumption value (111.6 g/hen/day). While, the control group recorded the best feed conversion ratio (2.39 g feed/g egg) followed by the group fed 15% with 2% clay (2.61 g feed/g egg). Hens fed diet containing 15% CM with 2% clay recorded the highest relative weight of yolk (22.01%). However hens fed 20% CM with 2% clay recorded the lowest value of yolk index (45.99%) and yolk color (7.80). Alanine transaminase (ALT) was increased significantly in hens fed 20% without or with 2% clay (41.00 and 39.33 I.U.L.). While, ALT was decreased (p≤0.05) in hens fed 10 and 15 % CM with 2% clay (24.33 and 25.00 I.U.L.). The results indicated that 15% CM with 2% clay in laying hen diets improved significantly egg production, egg mass, egg quality, digestion coefficients, blood characteristics, economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency under desert condition.}, keywords = {Canola meal-Egg quality-Digestion coefficients- Blood characteristics,clay}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5406.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5406_d2c25d7b0d23b58952e6c160cbdf7fa8.pdf} } @article { author = {ghaly, kawser}, title = {EFFECTS OF USING DDGS AND AVIZYME ENZYME IN THE BROILER DIETS ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {363-677}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2017.5407}, abstract = {This experiment aimed to study the effect of using distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS) at different levels (0, 5, 10, 15%) treated with or without enzyme (avizyme1500) at level 0 and 1g/ kg diet on some immunological and physiological responses of broiler chicks. Two hundred and sixty five, Arbor acres unsexed broiler day-old chicks, were randomly divided into eight groups with 32 birds per each. The sequence of the eight dietary treatments were as follow: T1- Basal diet (without DDGS or enzyme); T2, T3 and T4- Basal diet contains 5, 10 and 15% DDGS without enzyme; T5, T6, T7 and T8- Basal diet contain 0, 5, 10, 15% DDGS with enzyme. The results showed that blood proteins for birds fed dietary DDGS at different levels significantly (p<0.01) increased than those fed control diet. The means of total lipids, triglyceride, cholesterol, AST and ALT in the broilers fed dietary DDGS (p<0.01) differed, while creatinine value was insignificantly affected. The means of AST values for broilers fed the diet containing enzyme significantly (p<0.01) decreased, while ALT level was not affected. Similarly, the means of T4 hormone concentration for broiler fed diet with adding enzyme significantly (p<0.01) reduced, while T3 insignificantly reduced compared with control diet. The mean PCV% (p<0.01) increased while, Hb reduced significantly (p<0.01) compared with control diet while, no significant differences were detected in RBC's and WBC's counts.From the present results it can be concluded that using grade levels (5, 10 and 15%) of DDGS in broiler diets as untraditional ingredient (as a replacement of corn and soybean ingredients of diet) led to improve the physiological and immunological responses.}, keywords = {broiler chicks,DDGS and avizyme enzyme,physiological responses}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5407.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5407_f8180fc4dcd6ca8868dd2440141823de.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {EFFECT OF PHYTASE AND ENZYMES MIXTURE SUPPLEMENTATION ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF BROILER CHICKS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {379-390}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {10.21608/epsj.2017.5408}, abstract = {This study was carried out to study the effect of enzymes mixture and phytase supplementation in sorghum-soybean meal diets on some physiological responses of broiler chicks. One hundred ninety-two, unsexed, day old Hubbard broiler chicks were randomly distributed into six groups with four replicates each with eight chicks. Three diets from each of the starter and grower based on sorghum- soybean meal were formulated to have either recommended, medium or low levels of both crude protein and metabolizable energy. The first starter and grower diets were served as control dietary treatment (D1). The second (D2) and third (D3) starter and grower diets were formulated to have gradually decreased levels of both crude protein by 2% and 4% and metabolizable energy 300 and 600 kcal/kg for diet D2 and D3, respectively. Starter and grower diets were supplemented with or without enzymes. The data reviled that, values of serum glucose, total protein and it's fractions (albumin and globulin), total lipids, calcium and phosphorus(mg/dl) were increased (p<0.05) with enzymes supplementation. However, liver enzymes (ALT and AST) and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) of broiler chicks were not significantly affected by cocktail enzymes supplementation. While, the activity of ALT was decreased (p<0.05) with decreasing CP% and ME level by 2% and 300 kcal/kg, respectively less than the recommended level, but no further decrease in ALT activity was observed by decreasing CP% and ME energy beyond the previously mentioned level. However, AST activity showed no clear trend in relation to the level of both protein and energy. From the present results, it can be concluded that using mixture and phytase enzymes into sorghum-soybean meal diet could be lead to improvement on some physiological responses of broiler chicks.}, keywords = {Broiler chicks – Phytase – Enzymes,physiological responses}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5408.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5408_0d4f652cee0adbffb173f47519decd7e.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Saber and Attia, Youssef}, title = {EFFECT OF INCREASING DIETARY VEGETABLE OILS CONCENTRATION ON PERFORMANCE, CARCASS PARAMETERS AND BLOOD CONSTITUENTS OF BROILER CHICKENS EXPOSED TO HIGH AMBIENT TEMPERATURE}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {391-405}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {One hundred and forty 21-day old Arbor Acres broiler chickens were used in a straight-run experimental design. The broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design among four treatment groups with seven replicates per treatment and five chickens per replicate. During the experiment period (21 to 42 days old), the chickens were fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets containing four levels of dietary vegetable oils (DVO) (2.7, 4, 6 and 8%). During the period when chickens were 25–27, 31–33, and 38–40 days old, the chickens were exposed to heat stress for 4 hours a day (from 10.00am–2.00pm) at 34ºC and 70–75% relative humidity, and returned to normal house temperature afterwards. Feeding 8% DVO diet significantly increased body weight gain (BWG) compared to the other levels of DVO. Moreover, feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein conversion ratio (PCR), metabolizable energy conversion ratio (ECR) and European production efficiency factor (EPEF) were significantly enhanced due to feeding 8% DVO diet compared to 6% DVO diet. On the other hand, 6 and 4% DVO did not significantly differ from the control. Feeding 8% DVO diet significantly decreased plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and lymphocytes. Feeding 8% DVO diet significantly increased mean corpscular volume (MCV) and mean corpscularhaemoglobin (MCH) compared to the control. Thus, it can be concluded that broiler chickens fed diet containing 8% DVO have showed tolerance to high ambient temperature (34ºC, 70–75% RH) during the period from 21–42 days old, as evidenced by increasing the productive performance, blood haematological and biochemical traits.}, keywords = {Heat tolerance Vegetable oils,broilers performance,physiological response}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6795.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6795_3c6d6ea585a21c56f6057a199939a2da.pdf} } @article { author = {bashara, malak}, title = {EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION WITH SUPPLEMENTATION OF PROBIOTIC ON PRODUCTIVE AND ECONOMICAL PERFORMANCE IN LOCAL GROWING RABBITS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {407-431}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary different levels of feed restriction (FR) and probiotics (PR) (Lacobacillus lactis 2.5 x 108 CUF, Bacillus subtilis 1.8 x 109 CUF/g) on productive performance and economic efficiency for growing rabbits. A total number of 54 local growing rabbits,7 weeks old were weighed and divided into six dietary treatments of 9 rabbits each (5 males+4femals) The dietary levels of FR and PR included 3x2 factorial design as follow: T1: Rabbits fed basal diet ad-libitum without PR ,T2: Rabbits fed basal diet ad libitum and supplemented with 0.4g PR/ kg diet, T3 : Rabbits fed restricted diet by 120% of the energy requirements for maintenance without PR, T4: Rabbits fed restricted diet by 120% of the energy requirements for maintenance with 0.4g PR/kg diet, T5: Rabbits fed restricted diet by 140% of the energy requirements for maintenance without PR and T6: Rabbits fed restricted diet by 140% of the energy for maintenance with 0.4g PR/kg diet.The results illustrated that dietary ad-libitum with 0.4 g PR/kg diet were higher significantly (P≤0.05) live body weight than other treatment groups. But, the restricted diets120 or 140 % of the energy for maintenance with 0.4g PR/ kg diet did not significantly (P≥0.05) as compared to the control diet. The rabbits fed ad-libitum and supplemented with 0.4g PR/kg diet returned to the first position of daily weight gain and significantly (P≤0.05) exceeded the other treatment groups. Regarding feed conversion, rabbits fed 120% of energy for maintenance with or without PR and those received ad libitum diet with 0.4g PR /kg diet improved significantly (P≤0.05) as compared to control diet. All dietary treatments tend to have greater gastrointestinal tract and cecum% than control diet. Conversely, the rabbits fed different treatments had (P≤0.05) the lowest values of lipase and protease except for the restricted diet120% of energy for maintenance without PR as compared to the control diet. The best value of EE was found for rabbits fed 120% of the maintenance energy with 0.4g PR/kg diet.Conclusively, these results imply an important FR strategy by 120% of energy requirements for maintenance and supplemented with 0.4g PR/ kg diet, where feed conversion, performance index, E. coli /TBC ratio and economic efficiency improved under environmental Egyptian condition.}, keywords = {Rabbits,probiotic,Growth performance,Digestive enzymes,microbial activity}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6796.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6796_c0a48d131096cf5540aeac9abb4f954f.pdf} } @article { author = {Habeb, Ayman and Abdelaziz, Mrwan and El-Faham, Ahmed}, title = {EFFECT OF DIETARY ENERGY LEVELS AND LIGHT SOURCES ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND ECONOMICAL EVALUATION OF BROILERS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {433-450}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {An experiment was conducted to determine and compare the differences in productive performance, carcass traits and economical evaluation of broiler chicks fed three different dietary energy levels [low (2912 & 3032), medium (3006 & 3126) and high (3100 & 3220)], during starter and grower phases, respectively, under two housing light sources (Fluorescent and LED). 180 unsexed one day-old Hubbard broiler chicks were distributed equally in a completely randomized design with 3 ME (E) levels x 2 light (L) sources, resulting in 6 treatments with 3 replicates of 10 chicks each.The results indicated that:- Productive performance of broiler chicks: live body weight (LBW); daily weight gain (DWG); performance index (PI) and production efficiency factor (PEF) were not affected significantly by (E) levels, (L) sources and interaction (L*E) at whole experimental period.- Daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) recorded a significant response due to interaction between (E), (L) and (L*E).- Carcass traits indicated that (E) at all levels, (L) sources and interaction (L*E) had no significant effects.- Blood plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were not affected by interaction between (E) and (L), (L*E).- Economic evaluation showed that, relative economic efficiency (REE) was improved for broiler chicks only by feeding high energy level (Fluorescent - light source) or low energy level (LED - light source).It could be concluded that, using low energy diets in rearing sheds with (LED) light source, enhanced productive economic efficiency of Hubbard broiler chicks.}, keywords = {broiler performance,light source,Energy level,economic efficiency}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6797.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6797_f68b01c81647ccbe8fee116a1114cb20.pdf} } @article { author = {elabd, niamat}, title = {YELLOW CORN REPLACED BY DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS WITH SOLUBLES (DDGS) OF DIETARY JAPANESE QUAIL.}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {451-460}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {Effect of replacing yellow corn (YC) by distillers dried grains with Solubles (DDGS) was studied on Japanese quail chicks performance. One hundred and eighty unsexed one- day old chicks, distributed at random equally into 3 groups each in 3 replicates. Treatments were: control with 0% DDGS, T1 containing 50% of YC as DDGS and T2 containing 100% of YC as DDGS. The experiment lasted for 42 days and all chicks had free access to feed and water. Average feed intake (FI), daily gain (BWG) and feed conversion efficiency (FCR) were determined. Data showed that, chicks fed100 % and 50% of YC as DDGS had higher BWG at 42 days, higher FI and better FCR compared to the control diet. Also, T1 and T2 had the highest globulin concentrations and total plasma protein, than the control diet. No significant effect of DDGS levels on carcass characteristics. Digestibility of crude protein was affected significantly (p<0.05) with increasing DDGS level. In conclusion, use of DDGS at 100% of YC showed the higher results compared to the other treatments. Therefore, DDGS could be successfully replaced 100% of YC in diet of Japanese quail.}, keywords = {DDGS,Quail,Growth,Blood,carcass,digestibility}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6798.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6798_f13f1f0fec7d7f58fcb99b2c547939b2.pdf} } @article { author = {rizk, yaser}, title = {EFFECT OF DIETARY SOURCE OF SELENIUM ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF SINAI LAYING HENS UNDER HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {461-489}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different ambient temperatures {thermo-neutral (TN) or heat stress (HS) in 22 and 30 wks of age} and dietary supplementation of different selenium (Se) sources {inorganic (control group) at 0.1 mg/ kg diet, organic Se (Selenium Yeast) and Nano Se each at 0.3 mg/ kg diet} on sexual maturity, laying performance, egg quality, hatchability traits and physical semen quality, as well as some blood parameters and plasma constituents for Sinai hens during the early laying stage (22-34 wks). A total of 198 (180 females + 18 males) 22-wks-old of Sinai birds were used and randomly distributed into two experimental groups (TN & HS), and then each group was divided into three sub-groups (inorganic, organic and Nano Se) in a factorial design (2x3). At 17 to 20 wks of age, birds were fed pre-lay diet contained 2% Ca then, convert to layer diet until the end of experimental period (34 wks).The results indicated that heat stress resulted in a significant decrease in 1st egg weight and age at sexual maturity, body weight and change in body weight, laying rate (%), egg number, egg weight, egg mass and feed intake per hen, live sperms (%) and hatchability (%). External and internal egg quality and fertility (%) were not significantly affected by heat stress. Also, heat stress significantly increased total embryonic mortality, dead and abnormal sperms in semen. Besides, lymphocytes (L) cells (%), plasma total protein, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, white blood cells count, eosinophils cells (%), monocytes cells (%), globulin, albumin, calcium, phosphorus and TAOC were significantly decreased for hens reared under heat stress. Moreover, significant increases were recorded for total lipids, heat shock protein 70 for Sinai hens reared under heat stress than those reared under thermo- neutral during the studied laying period. Supplementing different selenium sources to the diet, especially Nano selenium had significantly improved all parameters under experimental conditions as compared with control diet. These results indicated that heat stress severely reduced productive and reproductive performance for Sinai hens, whereas the productive and reproductive performance was improved by dietary different Se sources (Nano and organic Se) supplementation at 0.3 mg/ kg under heat stress conditions, without any adverse effect on the vitality of hens.}, keywords = {Heat Stress-Organic and Nano Selenium-Maturity-Laying Performance-Semen quality}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6799.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6799_2b8dcb06a4bd5cecac83b9b7719415a3.pdf} } @article { author = {Mehany, Hamada}, title = {BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS IN LIVER AND KIDNEY OF GROWING RABBITS FED ON OVERABUNDANT DRIED CITRUS LIMON}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {491-504}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {Fruit and vegetables are under continuous analysis worldwide to figure out or detect new treatments to animal and human diseases. This study was intended to examine effects of dried C. limon (DCL) on New Zealand White rabbits liver and kidney functions of 10 and 20g DCL/kg diet. The rabbits were randomly allocated into three treatments groups of control and two dried Citrus limon groups (10 and 20 g DCL/kg diet). Feed and water were served ad-libitum throughout the 8 weeks of experimental period. At the end of the administration, there were a significantly increment of GOT, GGT and ALP activities. Contrary, total bilirubin was significant (p<0.01) decreased with feeding growing rabbit on DCL levels. While, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) among all dietary treatments on GPT, LDH, BA and CB values; substantial intension in KC and P levels were noticed as related to DCL supplementation. Furthermore, the values of creatinine, urea, uric acid, Ca, K, Na and Cl had no differences (p>0.05) among all groups. Also, serum total protein, albumin and globulin levels had the same trend. Likewise, the histological results of liver and kidneys revealed no cellular abnormality in the entire treatment groups as compared to control group. Generally, it is shown that DCLcan be included up to 20 g/kg in rabbit diets without any adverse or deleterious effect on the histomorphology of the liver and kidney of rabbits, as it stimulates the cells architecture thereby preserving and increasing the cellular profile.In conclusion, these results suggest that the addition of DCL to the growing rabbit’s diet could significantly enhance liver and kidney function.}, keywords = {Citrus limon – Rabbit – Histology – Biochemical}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6803.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6803_3c3e357deb8b62d6746f1d422adb4a55.pdf} } @article { author = {elnagar, asmaa}, title = {PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL TRAITS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF SASSO CHICKENS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE OR MANNAN OLIGOSACCHARIDE AS NATURAL GROWTH ADDITIVES}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {505-522}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {A total number of 300 unsexed 7 d old Sasso chicks were randomly divided among 5 dietary treatments with 6 replicate cages per treatment and 10 chickens per cage, assigning experimental unit to investigate the effect of either live yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) or Mannaoligosaccharide (MOS) as a natural growth promoters on blood parameters, carcass characteristics and immune response. Dietary treatments were: 1st group fed a commercial basal diet without supplementation and served as control, the 2nd and 3rd groups fed basal diet supplemented with 0.1 and 0.2% of SC, and the 4th and 5th groups fed basal diet supplemented with 0.25 and 0.5g of MOS/kg. Results showed that treated groups had significantly greater body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), economical efficiency as well as higher values of nutrients digestibility than the control group. All treatments decreased serum AST, ALT, urea, creatinine, serum total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL and increased glucose, T3, T4, TAC, GSH, GPX, SOD, RBC’s , WBC’s, total protein, globulin, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, IgG, INFγ, IL2 and IL10 compared to control. Supplementation of SC or MOS increased significantly percentage of dressing and decreased abdominal fat compared to control. Moreover, SC or MOS decreased bacterial count of the digestive system compared to control group. In conclusion, both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mannan oligosaccharide could be used safely as natural growth promoters to improve growth performance and immune response of Sasso broiler chickens.Key}, keywords = {Saccharomyces cerevisiae,MOS,Growth performance,Blood profiles-Sasso}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6805.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6805_3bcf6eb55daa43df2b5a9fc8774a6b96.pdf} } @article { author = {Attia, Youssef and Hassan, Saber}, title = {RESPONSE OF BROILER CHICKENS TO DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE) CONTINUOUSLY OR INTERMITTENTLY IN COMPARISON WITH PREBIOTICS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {523-543}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {Arbor Acres broiler chickens (n=140), 7-day-old, were used in a straight-run complete randomized experimental design. The broilers were distributed among four treatment groups with five replicates per treatment and seven chickens per replicate. During the experimental period (7-42 day-old), the chickens were fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets with ginger (Zingiber officinale) level of 0.5% given either continuously or intermittently (two treatments), mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) of 0.05%, and the unsupplemented control. The objective of this study was to study the response of broiler chickens to continuous or intermittent supplementation with ginger as phytogenic additive compared with MOS on performance and cost of supplementation. The intermittent treatment was given as two days per week. Feeding 0.5% ginger resulted in higher body weight gain (BWG), European production efficiency factor (EPEF) and economic efficiency (EE) than MOS, however, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was similar among different experimental groups. Ginger level of 0.5% continuously decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), increased serum globulin, and 0.5% ginger intermittently increased antibody titer to Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Ginger given continuously or intermittently significantly decreased meat lipids and plasma glucose with intermittent supplementation showed stronger effect on meat lipids than continuous supplementation. Hence, it could be concluded that 0.5% ginger given continuously can replace MOS as a prebiotic without negative effects on productive performance, carcass traits, meat quality, blood constituents and immune response as compared with the control and this warrant further investigation.}, keywords = {Ginger,Broilers,productive performance,physiological traits,Immune Response}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6812.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_6812_b14c7980a11050e6b74d8aa085e8a6f5.pdf} } @article { author = {Attia, Youssef}, title = {UTILIZATION OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS WITH SOLUBLES (DDGS) IN LOCAL LAYING HEN DIETS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {545-558}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {This study aimed to investigate the effect of inclusion of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in the laying hens’ diets on productive and reproductive performance, some egg quality traits, nutrients digestibility and some blood parameters. A total number of 90 Inshas hens and nine Inshas cocks, 28 week-old were randomly distributed into three groups and fed the experimental diets contained 0.0, 10 and 20% DDGS. The results showed that DDGS inclusion in the diet insignificant impact on rate of laying and egg mass, egg weight, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio as compared to the control group during the whole experimental period (28-48 wks of age). Egg quality traits were insignificantly affected due to feeding DDGS, whereas yolk color was significantly increased by feeding 20% DDGS diet as compared to the control. Nutrients digestibility were not affected by feeding 10% DDGS in the diet. Plasma constituents including plasma protein, indices of liver and renal function, uric acid, lipid metabolites and phosphorus were not significantly affected by feeding different levels of DDGS in the diet, but plasma calcium significantly decreased when 20% DDGS was fed and this concurred with a reduction in eggshell quality (relative weight of shell and shell-thickness).In conclusion, the present results showed that the use of DDGS can be successfully fed up to 20 % in Inshas laying hen diets without any adverse effect on laying hen performance, nutrients digestibility, egg quality and plasma constituents and economical efficiency.}, keywords = {DDGS,laying hens,Egg production,digestibility,egg quality,plasma constituents}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7000.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7000_c542b058bdebeaaf1cb73c5165b5f842.pdf} } @article { author = {Ezzat, Waheed}, title = {IMPACT OF CHROMIUM PICOLINATE SUPPLEMENTATION ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, IMMUNE RESPONSE AND HEAT SHOCK PROTEINS OF BROILER CHICKENS UNDER HEAT-STRESS CONDITION.}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {559-583}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {The present study conducted to investigate the effect of heat stress and early age of thermal condition (at 3 days of age) for broiler chickens were fed diets supplemented with or without chromium picolinate (CrPic) to study its effects on growth performance, some physiological parameters, plasma biochemical traits as well as, immune response, heat shock proteins and carcass characteristics. Unsexed 300 one-day-old Hubbard broiler chicks were individually weighed and randomly distributed into 5 experimental treatments with 3 replicates (20 chicks each) per pen from 1–42 days of age. The 1st treatment (T1) served as a control and was fed a control basal diet and reared under natural conditions (25°C). The 2nd treatment (T2) and 3rd treatment (T3) were daily exposed to heat stress (33°C)and 65% relative humidity and 1200 μg/chromium picolinate (CrPic) /kg diet was added for T3 only, the 4th treatment (T4) and 5th treatment (T5) were daily exposed to heat stress (33°C) during the experimental period and at 3 days of age were exposed to early age of thermal condition (early heat shock exposure) and 1200 μg/chromium picolinate (CrPic) /kg diet was added for T5 only. After the end of thermal condition atearly age T4 and T5 returned to be reared underdaily heat stress (33°C). The obtained results showed that heat stress caused a significantly (p≤0.05) decrease body weight (BW), weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), lymphocytes% (L%), antibody titers against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), Newcastle virus (NDV), influenza viruses (H9N2), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulinM (IgM) concentrations, totalprotein, albumin and high density lipoprotein (HDL), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) hormones. While, there were significant (p≤0.05) increases mortality rate, respiration rate, heterophils % (H %), H/L ratio, glucose, cholesterol, LDL, total lipids and triglycerides, corticosterone, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), HSP70 expression of liver and abdominal fat as compared with the thermoneutral control broiler chicks.However, supplementation of chromium to the broiler chicks diet was able to alleviate many of deleterious effects. The present results indicate that the supplementation of diets with 1200 μg/chromium picolinate (CrPic)/kg diethas been considered to overcome the deleterious effects of heat stress on broiler performance.}, keywords = {Broilers Heat Stress-Heat shock-Chromium Growth performance-Blood parameters}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7001.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7001_cfb103f124394b0086942b03a6d1eae8.pdf} } @article { author = {Mehany, Hamada}, title = {CELL MEDIATED AND HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES OF GROWING RABBITS FED CITRUS LIMON OVERABUNDANT DIET}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {585-601}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {This study was conducted to assess the effect of Citrus limon powder (CLP) as immune-enhancer phytobiotic of growing New Zealand White rabbits (NZW). Forty eight growing rabbits were randomly allocated to three equal groups in a Randomized Complete Design (RCD). Rabbit groups were fed a basal diet served as control group, while the other two groups were fed basal diet mixed with CLP dosed at 10 and 20g/kg of feed, respectively. After 7 weeks of the experiment rabbits were injected with sheep red blood cells (SRBC’s) as immunizing agent then blood samples were taken 7 days later. Serum titers (log2) for both total antibody and mercaptoethanol (ME)-sensitive antibody to detect IgG were assayed by microtiter procedures. Sections of the immune-organs were collected from same rabbits for histological investigations. The results of the cell mediated immune-responses showed highly significant difference (p<0.01) in the values of total and differential leukocytes, and chemokinetic movement and phagocytic activity as well as, humoral immune-responses (TIg, IgG, IgM and precipitation test) significantly (p<0.01) affected by feeding growing rabbits on 10 and 20g CLP compared with those fed control diet. Moreover, histological structure of thymus and spleen of treated rabbits showed normal structure.In conclusion, 10 and 20g CLP/kg diet enhance growing rabbit immune-responses with normal immune organ structure.}, keywords = {Rabbit,Cell Mediated Immunity – Humoral Immune-responses,Citrus limon}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7002.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7002_5554573dd062213bfac40b2d56003237.pdf} } @article { author = {El Iraqi, Ebtsam}, title = {EFECT OF SUPPLEMENTING THE DIET WITH CAROTENOIDS-ENRICHED SPIRULINA ALGAE 1. ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND PHSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF DEVELOPED CHICKENS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {603-622}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {The present experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation with carotenoids-enriched Spirulina platensis algae (SA), flock age on carotenoids concentration in egg yolk, productive performance, egg quality and blood parameters of Bandarah chickens. One hundred and thirty five females with fifteen males from Bandarah chicken strain at 30weeks of age besides the same number from the same chicken strain at 56 weeks of age were housed in floor pens. The birds were weighed and randomly divided into five groups representing the dietary supplementations and commenced four months of laying production. The five experimental bird groups for each age were fed as follow: basal diet without supplementation of SA (control) , basal diet supplemented with 40 mg (group 2), 80 mg (group 3), 120 mg (group 4), 160 mg (group 5) SA/Kg diet. The results showed that there was a linear relationship between dietary SA concentration and carotenoids concentration in egg yolk. Supplementation the diet with 40 mg SA/Kg diet represented highest (P≤0.05) record of egg weight, egg mass and egg production compared to those for other treatment groups regardless of flock age. Moreover, the best significant improvement of feed conversion rate was recorded for group of chickens fed T2 and T5 treatments. The highest values for egg mass and egg production % were observed for interactions of T2 ˟ young age and T5 ˟ old age. Elder flock age represented significant increase for egg weight, egg shell index and yolk weight percentage compared to those for younger one. Also, supplementing the diets with 40 mg SA /Kg diet (T2) and 160 mg SA/Kg diet (T5) reduced(P≤0.05) cholesterol and malonadialdhide. In conclusion, Spirulina platensis algae could be used safety in layer diets at levels of 40mg/kg diet for young flocks and 160 mg/kg diet for old ones for realizing the best productive performance and improving the yolk color and some blood parameters.}, keywords = {Spirulina algae,yolk color,Carotenoids,antioxidant,chicken production}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7005.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7005_735082f66f72b77c8a9a7747613c489b.pdf} } @article { author = {Elsheikh, Talaat}, title = {EFFECT OFBETAINE LEVELS ON BROILER PERFORMANCE UNDER CYCLIC HEAT STRESS}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {623-636}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {This study was carried out at the Research Poultry Farm, Faculty ofAgriculture, Sohag University,Egypt. It was designed to study the effect of betainesupplementation on broilers performance under cyclic heat stress. A total number of 375 Ross,one day-old were equally divided into five groups (75 birds/group) with three replicates(25birds / replicat). In the first group, birds were fed a commercial ration produced withALWADI Company without any betaine supplementation and served as control group. While,birds in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th groups were fed the same diet with supplemented betaine atdifferent levels of 100, 150, 200 and 250% i.e. 2, 3, 4 and 5kg betaine/1000 kg diet,respectively compared to the company recommendations. All birds were daily exposed tocyclic heat stress (35◦C) from 8 AM to 4 PM and then from 4 PM to 7 AM , they were exposedto natural ambient temperature. Chicks in all groups were housed in partitioned litter floor.Each pen was used as a replicate (25chicks) of the treatment, provided with a feeder and onenipple for supplementing water. Feed and water were available ad-libitim throughout theexperimental period. All chicks were exposed to traditional continuous lighting programs with60 watt from incandescent lamb at the height of 2.4 m from the floor up to the marketing age.The results showed that the BW and BWG significantly improved in treated groups. Feedconsumption and feed conversion ratio significantly improved in treated groups. Rectaltemperature significantly increased at 42 days of age and respiration rate significantlyincreased at 14, 21 and 42 days of age in treated groups. Heart percentage significantlyincreased in treated groups compared to control group. Chemical composition of meat was nosignificantly affected with betaine levels compared to control group.}, keywords = {Betaine levels,cyclic heat stress,performance,Broilers}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7010.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7010_87e1394fa09fed455e10d638ca326594.pdf} } @article { author = {ali, amr}, title = {USE OF NANO-CALCIUMAND PHOSPHORS IN BROILER FEEDING}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {637-650}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {An experiment was carried out to study the effect of using Nanohydroxyapatite(NHA) nanoparticles as a source of calcium and phosphorous in broiler dietsat graded levels from 2 to 10 %( 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 %) of the standard source (Di calciumphosphate ,DCP) which was used at 2 % of the diet. Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles weresynthesized in laboratory by wet chemical method and the particle size and morphology weredetermined using transmission electron microscope. Hydroxyapatite Nano particles purity99% ranged between 20 and 90 nm. Feeding trail was conducted using mash feed .A totalnumber of 360 one-day old Hubbard chicks will be randomly divided into 6 groups of 60chicks each with 3 replicates each with20chicks. Results showed that reducing dietary CDCPhad a negative effect on body weight gain (BWG) and fed intake(FI) of broiler chicks ,butwhen using Nano-hydroxyapatite led to improve both of BWG and FI and led to maintainingthe stability of both. Also, there were no significant differences in digestibility coefficient ofNFE, CF, EE, CP and OM for treatments fed Nano-hydroxyapatite (NHA), correspondinglycompared to the control group. There were no significant differences in the average valuesof carcass characteristics and meat analysis among treatments. Data obtained that the averagevalues of economical efficiency were improved with fed broiler chicks on diets containingNano _hydroxyapatite compared with control diet. It could be concluded thatsupplementation of 6 % of calcium phosphate as nanoparticles can be practiced instead ofthe conventional practice of di calcium phosphate incorporation in broilers diet. Thus, it ispostulated that the usefulness of Nano form in reducing the mineral quantity to the diet willreduce.Key}, keywords = {nano-hydroxyapatite,broiler,nutrients digestibility,economical efficiency}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7440.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7440_f2474a9750638ff9b83a4f70f5fb5e68.pdf} } @article { author = {alameldin, alaa}, title = {COMPARISON STUDY AMONG PRE INCUBATION PERIODS BEFORE STORAGE ON ELEVIATION OF THE NIGATIVE EFFECTS OF PROLONGED EGGS STORAGE ON HATCHABILITY TRAITS OF SINAI EGGS.}, journal = {Egyptian Poultry Science Journal}, volume = {37}, number = {2}, pages = {651-666}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Poultry Science Association}, issn = {1110-5623}, eissn = {2090-0570}, doi = {}, abstract = {This work was carried out to investigate the impacts of storing fertile eggs for ashort (7 days) or prolonged (14 days) time and whether Pre-incubation period before eggs storage(PIPBS) would improve the hatchability traits. A total number of 2400 hatching eggs were collectedfrom Sina strain flock at 32 week-old. Eggs were transported to the hatchery in two groups (1200eggs each) according to the storage periods for 7 and 14 days. All eggs were stored at 17ºC and 75 %relative humidity. All eggs in each group were individually weighed, numbered and randomlydistributed into four subgroups (300 eggs each) according to Pre-incubation period before eggsstorage (PIPBS) as: non incubation, incubation for 5, 10 and 15 hours before storage at temperatureof 37.5ºC and 56 % relative humidity.The results showed that albumen weight percentage, albumen height and Haugh units weresignificantly decreased but yolk weight percentage, shell weight percentage and albumen pH weresignificantly increased as egg storage period increased from 7 to 14 days. Also, egg weight lossduring storage, first eighteen days of incubation and total egg weight loss percentages, early, late andtotal embryonic mortality percentage, pip dead percentage, pip life percentage and total incubationtime were significantly greater for eggs of the longer storage period (14 day) as compared to theshorter one (7 days) and the reverse was true for the apparent fertility percentage, hatchabilitypercentage of fertile eggs and hatchability percentage of total eggs. In the long storage period(14days), pre-warming of Sina laying hens eggs for 5h prior to eggs storage had higher andsignificant hatchability percentage of fertile and total eggs compared to the control and other prewarmingeggs for 10 and 15h prior to eggs storage but was still significantly lower than the samelevel of pre storage incubation in the short stored period (7 days).It could be conclude that egg storage period should not exceed than 7 days because more than 7 dayshad decline effect on all studied traits, but if the storage period exceeded than 7 days until to 14 dayswarning the eggs with 5 hours Pre-incubation before storage could be recommended for improvinghatchability percentage of both fertile and total eggs compared to 0, 10 and 15 hours pre-incubationbefore storage.}, keywords = {pre incubation,egg storage,Hatchability,Sinai strain}, url = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7441.html}, eprint = {https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7441_3b67c80091b1fa516251b6bbaf663ba4.pdf} }