eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1013
1032
10.21608/epsj.2017.5377
5377
Original Article
EFFECT OF SEX AND L-CARNITINE ADDITION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS QUALITY OF SUDANI DUCKLINGS
A. L. Awad
1
H. N. Fahim
2
M. M. Beshara
3
A.M. El-Shhat
4
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric. Dokki, Giza
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric. Dokki, Giza
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric. Dokki, Giza
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric. Dokki, Giza
Two hundred and eighty eight of Sudani ducklings (144 from both males and females), 4-wks-old were used, weighed and divided into six experimental groups (three replicates each) for both sexes to investigate the effect of ducklings sex and dietary L-carnitine (LC) addition(0, 150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 mg/kg diet) in a factorial design (2 × 6) on growth performance, carcass traits and quality and blood constituents as well as economic efficiency under Egyptian summer conditions. Results indicated that, live body weight (LBW), body weight gain (BWG), feed consumption (FC) and production index (PI) were significantly (P≤0.01) higher for male ducklings than female, also, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly (P≤0.05) improved during the whole experimental period (4-16 wks of age). However, dietary LC addition resulted in a significant (P≤0.01) improvement in BWG, FCR and PI during the experimental period than the control group. Abdominal fat and breast and thigh yield (%) were significantly higher for female than male ducklings. Eviscerated carcass and total edible parts (%) were significantly (P≤0.01) improved by supplementing different LC levels to the diet, while abdominal fat was significantly (P≤0.01) decreased. Breast yield (%) was significantly (P≤0.05) higher by feeding 450 mg LC/kg diet, only than the control, however, thigh yield (%) was significantly(P≤0.01) improved by feeding different LC levels except of 300 mg/kg. Furthermore, muscles ether extract (EE) content was significantly higher in both breast and thigh of female’s ducklings than males, while crude protein (CP) was significantly decreased for female thigh muscles. Addition different LC levels to the diet resulted in a significant improvement of CP content for both breast and thigh muscles, while EE content was significantly decreased for them. Serum total cholesterol was significantly increased for female than male ducklings, whereas, both serum triglycerides and total cholesterol constituents were significantly decreased by supplementing different LC levels to the diet than the control. Supplementing different LC levels to the diet resulted in a significant increase in lymphocytes (L) cells (%), while heterophils (H) cells (%) and H/L ratio were significantly (P≤0.01) decreased than the control group. Net return and economic efficiency were significantly lowered for female ducklings than male, however, they significantly improved for ducklings fed different LC diets than those fed the control diet. These results indicated that dietary L-carnitine additionwith150 or 300 mg/kg could be maximize and improve the growth performance and carcass traits and quality as well as economic efficiency of Sudani ducklings especially males during growth period (4-16 wks of age) under Egyptian summer conditions.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5377_667d51a71b5205212aa56028bc8b8801.pdf
ducklings sex
L-carnitine
Growth performance
carcass and meat quality
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-09
37
4
1033
1145
10.21608/epsj.2017.7726
7726
Original Article
EGG WEIGHT INFLUENCE ON SOME EGG CHARACTERS AND HATCHLING BODY WEIGHTOF GIMMIZAH CHICKEN STRAIN
nabil Boutrous
nabiiiiiiile.s.b@gmail.com
1
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Cent., Egypt
The present experiment was carried out for studying the effect of egg size on egg shape index, egg volume, egg surface area, egg weight loss during incubation and their relations with chick body weight at hatch and at pull out. Eight hundred and fifty two hatching eggs obtained from Gimmizah chickens aged 49 weeks were divided into 6 groups based on egg weight with 5 grams differences namely as 1(<44 ), 2 (44- 48.99), 3 (49 – 53.99), 4 (54 – 58.99), 5 (59 – 63.99) and 6 (≥ 64.00). The obtained results showed that egg weight over 64 grams had the highest significant egg shape index compared to other egg weight groups. Moreover, eggs groups for weights between 59-63.99 and ≥ 64.00had significant increase on both egg volumes and egg surface areas compared to the rest egg groups. Also, negative correlations between egg weight and egg shape index were observed for egg groups < 44, and ≥ 64.00 grams. Moreover, highly significant correlations between egg weight and egg surface area were detected for groups of eggs weighing 44-48.99, 49-53.99, 54-58.99 and 59-63.99 grams. The accumulated egg weight loss% through the setting phase represented significant increase for eggs weighing more than 64 grams compared with those for all the rest egg categories. The increase of egg weight has a significant (p<0.001) influence on chick body weight either at hatch or at pull out as they increased with the increase of egg weight. Moreover, chick body weight loss % inside the hatcher was significantly decreased with the increase of egg weight. The correlations between egg weight and both of chick body weight at hatch are significant (p=0.001) among all experimental groups. The multiple regression equations implied the importance of egg weight and egg weight loss during incubation on chick body weight at hatch and at pull out. Thus, it could be concluded that separating hatching eggs basing on egg weight may be advisable to obtain the best hatchling weight.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_7726_dc91d8767b3a6b0dd92470b388602758.pdf
egg weight
egg loss
Chick body weight
regression
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1047
1061
10.21608/epsj.2017.5379
5379
Original Article
TESTING HETEROTIC EFFECT AND STRAIN DIFFERENCES FOR CARCASS TRAITS OF SOME DEVELOPED LOCAL STRAINS OF CHICKEN AND THEIR CROSSES
G.N. Rayan
1
A.I. El-Faham
2
S.A. Ibrahim
3
Dept. of Poult. Produ., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
Dept. of Poult. Produ., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
Dept. of Poult. Produ., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5379_7c65cdef499517a1de8c27d051d3e57b.pdf
Heterosis
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1063
1089
10.21608/epsj.2017.5380
5380
Original Article
APPLICATION OF FLASHED LIGHTING PROGRAM IN NAKED NECK CHICKENS (SHARKASI) MANAGEMENT
M. F. A. Farghly
1
O. H. El-Garhy
2
Reham Ali
3
Poult. Prod. Dep., Fac. of Agric. Uni. of Assiut (71516), Egypt
Anim. Prod. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Benha Uni., Egypt
Anim. and Poult. Prod. Dep., Fac. of Agric. and Nat. Res., Aswan University, Egypt
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of application flash lighting program on performance and physiological status of naked neck chickens. Three hundred and sixty, four weeks old birds were randomly distributed into 6 experimental groups (3 replicates of 20 birds each) and housed in floor pens. The first group (control group, C), birds were maintained under 12 hrs and 16 hrs common light (CL) per day during the growing and laying periods, respectively. While, in the other groups, birds were exposed to light flashes for 10 minute/hour (T1), 20 minute/hour (T2), 30 minute/hour (T3), 40 minute/hour (T4) and 50 minute/hour (T5) for 12 and 16 hrs light/day during the growing and laying periods, respectively. Main results indicated that light flashes program significantly (P≤0.05) improved growth efficiency, carcass dressing percentage, breast percentage, abdominal fat percentage, egg laying rate, egg shell thickness, sexual parameters and healthy status. Also, estradiol hormone significantly (P≤0.05) increased by application of flash lighting program. However, long period of light flashes program recorded the worst values as in general performance and welfare (H / L ratio and tonic immobility values). Insignificant (P>0.05) effect were observed in drumstick, femur, liver, heart, gizzard, most blood components, egg shape or yolk, Haugh units, leg problems, plumage conditions, bone lengths, age at sexual maturity, genital organs and hatchability percentages. From an economical point of view, it is observed that the birds exposed to light flashes periods for 10 to 30 minutes/hour were superior to that of birds in other groups. Using short periods of light flashes might be suitable as alternative light to continuous or common light for managing Sharkasi chicken in sight and stimulation of internal organs or hormones release without oppositely affecting the physiological response, healthy traits and welfare.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5380_ac475ef56a747d9ec22c01db28767957.pdf
Light flashes
Productive and reproductive performance
Sharkasi chickens
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1091
1104
10.21608/epsj.2017.5381
5381
Original Article
EFFECT OF MAGNETIC DRINKING WATER, FEED FORM AND IT’S RESTRICTED ON SASSO BROILERS. I. PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of using magnetic drinking water feed form with its restricted on the broilers (Sasso strain) chicks' performance: body weight (BW), daily body weight gain (DBWG), daily water consumption (DWC), daily feed consumption (DFC), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and mortality percentages (MR) during the whole experimental period of 8 weeks old. A total number of 1600 chicks unsexed Sasso broiler was used, divided into eight Treatments with two replicates for each treatments, in factorial experimental design 2 x 2 x 2. The results of present study shows highly significant differences (p≤0.001) between water treatments on BW at 8 weeks of age, where the birds drank magnetic water has heavier BW than those drank ordinary water. Also, feed form and restricted diet had significant differences on Sasso broiler BW, since those fed crumble diet or fed ad-libitum has heavier weight than those fed pellet diet or fed 90% amount of feed. The results of DBWG show a significant difference between all treatments studied, since magnetic water, pellet diet and ad libitum feeding has the superiority in this respect. Magnetic water and ad-libitum feeding significantly reduced (p≤0.001) DWC values, while the effect of feed form in this respect was insignificant. The only significant differences (p≤0.001) of DFC values was found between feeding treatments, since those fed ad-libitum has higher DFC (80.99 g) than those fed 90% amount of diet (70.63 g).The results of FCR indicates highly significant differences between water treatments, since those drink magnetic water have better FCR values compared with those drank ordinary water. Feed form has insignificant differences between FCR values, where both forms has equal value (2.31), however feed restriction has highly significant better FCR value (2.21) than those fed ad-libitum (2.41). In respect of MR, magnetic water treatment has significant (p≤0.05) higher MR than those of drink ordinary water. Feed forms have insignificant effect on MR, while the feed restriction has highly significant (p≤0.01) better MR value (2.06%) than ad-libitum feeding (3.44%). Also the results recommend the use of magnetic water with whatever pellet or crumble diet to improve final body weight of Sasso broilers. Pellet or crumble diet fed ad libitum can use with magnetic water to obtain higher Sasso broilers DBWG and TBWG values throughout the grow-out period. Magnetic water improved FCR of Sasso broilers and this positive effect was for both forms studied.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5381_9770895b4945e84d79f7e2314caa4bd4.pdf
Magnetic water
feed from
feed restriction
Sasso performance
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1105
1117
10.21608/epsj.2017.5382
5382
Original Article
INFLUENCE OF Escherichia coli 6-PHYTASE SUPPLEMENTATION ON PERFORMANCE AND EGG QUALITY IN HI-SEX LAYING HENS FED PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENT DIETS
The purpose of this study was to examine the Escherichia coli 6-phytase on performance and egg quality in Hi-Sex laying hens fed phosphorus-deficient diets. A total of 21600 Hi-Sex laying hens (48 week old) were divided in to three treatment groups and each treatment has 6 replicates (n= 1200 birds). The first group fed a basal diet (0.39% AP) as positive control, the second group fed phosphorus-deficient diet (0.26% available phosphorus) as negative control and the third group fed phosphorus-deficient diet ( 0.26% available phosphorus) plus 60 g/ ton feed Escherichia coli 6-phytase (500 FTU/Kg) for 30 days. All hens were fed the same amount of diets being, 112 gram / day during all the experiment period. Egg production, egg weight and egg quality characteristics were measured three times during the experiment at 0 day, 14 days and 30 days. Egg yolk and albumin weights were not influenced by reducing either available phosphorus or phytase supplementation. While; shell weight and shell thickness were decreased by reducing available phosphorus while improved by added phytase to the negative control. Furthermore, egg production, shell quality and feed conversion ratio were improved at the termination of the trial by added E. coli 6-phytase to the negative control. Interestingly, egg yolk cholesterol was decreased by phytase supplementation on the other hand; calcium, phosphorus and fat contents in yolk were increased. In conclusion, the results indicated that Escherichia coli 6-phytase was efficacious in corn-soybean meal-phosphorus deficient diets fed to Hi-sex laying hens and can be used to reduce diet supplementation with inorganic phosphorus and to improve egg shell quality
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5382_878aa5943f737d267b76b1a01aac8704.pdf
Escherichia coli 6-phytase
hens
egg quality
Yolk cholesterol
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1119
1133
10.21608/epsj.2017.5383
5383
Original Article
SEMEN QUALITY AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF SINA COCKS FED ATRIPEX NUMMULARIA LEAVES MEAL UNDER DESERT CONDITIONS
This study aimed to investigate the effect of using different levels of Atripex nummularia leaves meal (ALM) on semen quality, some blood parameters and hormonal aspects of Sina cocks under South Sinai conditions. A total number of 36 Sina cocks aged 22 weeks were used. Cocks were randomly separated into four equal groups. The 1st group was fed a basal diet as a control (0 % ALM), while, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were fed diets comprising 4, 8 and 12 % ALM, respectively.The result reviled that cocks fed dietary 12 % ALM exhibited decrease (P<0.05) in ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, total sperm output, sperm motility, total motile sperm, semen quality factor and hydrogen ion (pH) compared to control group. Moreover, cocks fed dietary 12 % ALM showed decreased (P<0.05) the values of Red blood cells, hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration concentrations as compared to control diet. However, cocks fed dietary 12 % ALM showed significantly increased mean corpuscular volume as compared to other fed dietary 0, 4 and 8 % ALM. Albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartic transaminase (AST) levels decreased (P<0.05) when birds fed dietary 12 % ALM, however, this diminishing was (P>0.05) between all other levels of ALM compared with the control diet. Potassium, chloride and calcium levels were higher (P<0.05) for birds fed 12 % ALM compared with the control diet. However, phosphorus level was lower in the cocks fed dietary all levels of dietary ALM compared to cocks fed control diet. However, the differences was significantly (P<0.05) only at the level of 12 % ALM. Aldosterone and tri-iodothyronine hormones were decreased (P<0.05) in the cocks fed 12 % ALM than that of control group. In conclusion, under South Sinai conditions, Atriplex nummularia leaves meal could be utilized safety in Sina cocks diet up to 8 % without adverse or serious effects on the semen quality characteristics and some blood constituents.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5383_53f9a45e6ea07f8eb3d0434d51b89e34.pdf
Atriplex nummularia leaves
hematological parameters
semen quality
Sina cocks
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1135
1139
10.21608/epsj.2017.5386
5386
Original Article
CREAT AN APPLICATION IN EXCEL SPREADSHEET PROGRAM TO FORMULATE POULTRY RATIONS BY A TRAIL AND ERROR METHOD
This study aims to creating an application in the widespread Excel spreadsheet program, using the common feed materials used in poultry rations include maize, wheat, barley, soybean meal, wheat bran, sunflower oil, protein concentrate, limestone, salt, diCalcium Phosphate, premix of vitamins and minerals, anti-coccidial, where the function property in Excel program, especially the sum - product function, can be used to create an application for formulating rations in a trial and error method until reaching the desired goal in terms of its nutrient content: (dry matter, crude protein, lysine, methionine, methionine and cysteine, calcium, available phosphorus, crude fiber, ether extract, linoleic acid, chlorine, sodium, arginine, phenylalanine, phenylalanine and tyrosine, threonine, tryptophan, leucine, Valine, histidine, glycine, glycine and Serine, as well as soluble carbohydrates, ash)%, in addition to estimate the cost of the ration.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5386_3cef9a324247a1bd41bf1d4024e38594.pdf
Application creation – Excel
Poultry feed
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1141
1151
10.21608/epsj.2017.5387
5387
Original Article
EFFECT OF ASCORBIC ACID INJECTION IN PRE-INCUBATED HY-LINE LAYER EGGS ON HATCHABILITY AND SOME BLOOD AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF HATCHED CHICKS
The present work was carried out to study the effect of ascorbic acid (AsA) injection into fertile Hy-line layer eggs on hatchability, mortality and some blood and hematological parameters of hatched chicks. Three hundred Hy-line layer eggs were divided into four equal groups with 75 eggs for each group with three replicate (25 fertile eggs for each replicate). The first group was injected, pre-incubation, in the air cell by 50 μl deionized water and served as a sham control. While the second, third and fourth groups were injected in the air cell with either 2, 4 or 6 % ascorbic acid. dissolved in 50 μl deionized water and served as AsA-treated groups.Eggs were incubated at 37.5°C and 60 % relative humidity during the first 19th days of incubation. Eggs were turned automatically every 2 hour until the 19th day. At the 10th day of incubation, eggs were examined by light candling to remove infertile eggs . All eggs were transferred to the hatchery at the end of the 19th day of incubation, and placed in hatching trays at 37°C temperature and 70-75 % relative humidity until hatching.hatchability rate, hatching and hatched chick's body weight unlike mortality were significantly higher in the 6 % AsA groups than all the AsA groups or the control group. Hemoglobin concentration was significantly (p<0.05) higher in the the 4 % AsA group and the 6 % AsA group (p<0.05) as compared to the 2 % AsA or control groups. However there was no significant difference in the cholesterol concentration between the control group and all the AsA groups. Glucose and triiodothyronin concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) higher in the 6 % AsA group than the 2 % AsA or control groups. In conclusion, our study suggests injecting 50 microliters of 6 % ascorbic acid reduced embryonic mortality and improvd hatchability and hatched chicks’body weight.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5387_cb3e6b82c6a7793d447438b38345c53a.pdf
in-ovo injection
ascorbic acid
Hatchability
embryo mortalities
blood parameters
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1153
1172
10.21608/epsj.2017.5388
5388
Original Article
REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, OXIDATIVE STATUS AND BLOOD METABOLITES OF DOE RABBITS ADMINISTRATED WITH SPIRULINA ALGA
The current study aimed to evaluate effects of oral administration with different levels of Spirulina platensis on reproductive performance, hematological and biochemical criteria, antioxidant activity, and liver and kidney histogenesis of APRI doe rabbits. A total of 45 nili-parous does at 16-18 wk of age was allotted to 3 groups (15 does / group). Does in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups were daily received oral 3 ml distilled water containing 0 (G1) as control group, 300 (G2) and 600 (G3) mg/doe from Spirulina platensis for four weeks as a treatment period, respectively. At end of treatment, does were naturally mated by15 untreated fertile APRI bucks (5 bucks / group). Body weight (BW) of does, as initial and final of treatment (16-18 and 20-22 wk of age, respectively) and at kindling (22-26 wk of age), and of bunnies at birth and weaning were recorded for one parity. Daily feed intake (DFI) of does was recorded during treatment period. Conception (CR) and kindling (KR) rates and litter size (LS, total and live) of does, and bunny viability rate (VR) at birth and weaning were calculated. Plasma concentration of estradiol 17-β (E2) and progesterone (P4) of does on day 15 post-mating, hematological parameters, plasma biochemical and oxidative capacity at the end of treatment, and hepatic and renal histology of does at the end of experiment were determined.Results showed that doe final BW was heavier (P<0.05) in G2 than in G1 and G3. Change in BW (absolute or relative to initial BW), DFI, CR and LS of does, and VR and BW at birth and weaning of kids increased (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in G1, but KR was similar. Plasma E2 and P4 was higher (P<0.05), while E2/P4 ratio was lower (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in G1.Only E2 was higher (P<0.05) in G2 than in G3. Values of hemoglobin, red blood cells hematocrit, neutrophils and eosinophils increased (P<0.05) in G2 and G3, while platelets and lymphocytes, monocytes and acidophils decreased (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 compared with G1. The white blood cells decreased (P<0.05) only in G2, while erthrocytic values were not affected. Plasma total proteins, albumin, globulin and high density lipoprotein increased (P<0.05) in G2 and G3, while total lipids, triglycerides, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase decreased (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 compared with G1. Blood total antioxidant capacity, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione and glutathione peroxidase increased (P<0.05), while thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances decreased (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in G1. Hepatic and renal tissues of treated does were normal.In conclusion, orally administrated Spirulina platensis (300 mg/doe) as natural antioxidants was proved to improve reproductive performance, blood constituents, antioxidative status without adverse effects on liver and kidney functions.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5388_b44393b011b2b87d201490760b93e808.pdf
Rabbit
antioxidants
Reproduction
peroxidation
histology
Liver
kidney
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1173
1185
10.21608/epsj.2017.5605
5605
Original Article
ANALYSIS OF SPERM MOTILITY, VELOCITY AND MORPHOMETRY OF THREE EGYPTIAN INDIGENOUS CHICKEN STRAINS
Sperm quality is a principal determinant of its fertilizing potency. The current study was conducted in an attempt to link some morphometric measures (sperm and flagellum length) and the concentrations of some ions in seminal plasma on the one hand to sperm swimming velocity on the other hand in three Egyptian local chicken strains (Dandarawi, Sharkasi and Fayoumi). Ten adult males (28 weeks old) from each strain were housed in individual cages. Semen samples were collected twice weekly for a period of 16 weeks. Some physical and chemical characteristics of semen including ejaculate volume (mL), sperm concentration, motility (%), and the concentrations of calcium, potassium, sodium and manganese in seminal plasma were measured. Sperm curve linear velocity (VCL), average path velocity (VAP), straight line velocity (VSL) and straightness (STR) were measured using computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) software. The lengths of entire sperm, head plus mid-piece and flagellum (μm) were measured using image J software. There were no significant differences among strains in the percentages of total motile sperms and the percentages of sperms demonstrating progressive motility. Ejaculates of Dandarawi roosters had higher sperm concentration/ml (p<0.01), greater percentages of rapid swimming sperms (p<0.001) and higher values of VCL, VAP and VSL (p<0.0001) compared to those of Sharkasi and Fayomi strains. Significant differences were observed in sperm morphometry among the different strains where Dandarawi and Sharkasi had longer sperm and flagellum compared to those of Fayoumi (p<0.001). Chemical composition of seminal plasma revealed higher potassium concentrations in Sharkasi samples compared to those of Fayomi (p<0.05); while the concentrations in Dandarawi ejaculates were intermediate. In conclusion, Dandarawi sperm showed higher swimming velocity compared to both Sharkasi and Fayomi. Slower sperm velocity can be attributed to shorter flagellum and to higher potassium concentrations in seminal plasma in Fayomi and Sharkasi strains, respectively.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5605_8ad0044ab06272246537290541ac1304.pdf
Indigenous strains
Sperm morphometry
Swimming velocity – CASA
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1187
1202
10.21608/epsj.2017.5606
5606
Original Article
EFFECT OF MAGNETIC WATER ON PRODUCTION AND PRESERVATION SEMEN OF RABBIT BUCKS
This study aims to evaluate the effect of receiving magnetic water (3600 Gauss) on antioxidant, immunity status, semen production and preservation, and sperm fertilizing ability of APRI bucks. Twenty adult bucks were divided into two groups, 10 in each, receiving natural water (NW, control) or magnetic water (MW) for 90 days pre-semen collection. Semen was collected twice/week for 6 weeks using an artificial vagina. Reaction time (RT) was recorded during semen collection and serum testosterone, oxidative and immunity status were determined at the end of semen collection. Semen was evaluated for volume and pH value, progressive motility, livability, abnormality and acrosomal damage and outputs/ejaculate (TSO) of spermatozoa were determined. Semen was preserved for 48 h at 5 oC and evaluated for progressive motility, livability abnormality and acrosomal damage at 0, 24 and 48 h. At the end of semen collection, conception (CR) and kindling (KR) rates were recorded for does naturally mated with experimental bucks or artificially inseminate with preserved semen. Results showed that RT (p<0.001), malondialdehyde, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (p<0.05) and lysozyme content (p<0.001) decreased, while serum testosterone, total antioxidant capacity and antibody titer increased (p<0.001) in MW than in NW. All physical semen characteristics and total sperm output were higher, while semen pH was lower (p<0.001) in MW than in NW, but ejaculate volume was not affected by MW. The CR of does naturally mated by MW bucks were higher (p<0.05) than NW ones (70 vs. 90%). Sperm characteristics in preserved semen were better (p<0.05) for MW than NW, and had deleterious effects by advancing preservation time. Both CR and KR were higher (p<0.05) for preserved semen of MW (70 and 75.19%) than that of NW (56.67 and 67.46%), respectively, being the highest (p<0.05) for semen at 0 time.In conclusion, magnetizing water with 3600 Gauss for effect of drinking rabbit bucks for breeding (natural mating) or semen collection for artificial insemination with preserved semen for 24 h at 5 oC resulted in improved natural water quality, antioxidant status, immune response, quality of fresh and preserved semen, and sperm fertilizing capacity of bucks.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5606_44591b37accf8be296bc2140a283941b.pdf
Rabbit – Semen-Magnetized water
sperm function
Preservation
fertility
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1203
1215
10.21608/epsj.2017.5607
5607
Original Article
IMPACT OF VITAMIN A SUPPLEMENTATION BEFORE AND DURING EARLY EGG PRODUCTION ON LAYING HEN PERFORMANCE
hany elsherif
hany.elsherif@agr.cu.edu.eg
1
Dep. of Anim. Prod., Facul.of Agric., Cairo Univ., 12613, Giza, Egypt
The effects of dietary vitamin A (Vit. A) supplementation before and during early egg production on productive performance, egg quality, and economical efficiency of Lohmann brown laying hens were studied. In this experiment, a total number of 375 hens 16 wks of age were fed a basal diet supplemented with 10,000 (control); 20,000, 30,000; 40,000 or 50,000 IU Vit. A/kg diet. Each dietary treatment was randomly divided to 5 replicates with 15 birds each. Water and feed in mash form were offered ad-libitum, under a total of 16 hrslight/day regimen during the experimental period. Birds were reared in clean batteries under similar conditions up to 30wks of age.The results indicated that egg production, egg mass and feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly improved (p<0.05) with vitamin A supplementation. Groups received 30,000; 40,000 or 50,000 IU Vit. A/kg diet showed improvement egg production% at peak production period compared with groups received which 10,000 or 20,000 IU Vit. A/kg. Neither external nor internal egg quality parameters were affected by Vit. A supplementation except yolk index that was significantly decreased with increasing Vit. A level in the diet. Hens received 20000 IU Vit. A/kg diet showed the better relative economical efficiency compared those received the other levels. It could be concluded that, although the supplementation of 50000 IU Vit. A/kg diets before and during the early egg production improved laying hen performance, the hens received 20000 IU Vit. A/kg diet showed the better relative economical efficiency.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5607_313e454203e415bafab0820bb57e4413.pdf
Vitamin A – Performance – Laying hens
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1217
1235
10.21608/epsj.2017.5608
5608
Original Article
EFFECT OF EGGSHELL CONDUCTANCE CONSTANT ON EMBRYONIC INTESTINE FUNCTION, HATCHING CHARACTERS AND SUBSEQUENT GROWTH FOR DEVELOPED CHICKENS AND ITS RELATION WITH 2- FLOCK AGE
The present experiment was carried out for studying the effect of eggshell conductance constant (K) on embryonic intestinal function, hatching success, some physiological parameters and post-hatch growth for two flock ages (39-42 vs. 59-62 wks) of Gimmizah breed. The obtained results are summarized as follows: Gimmizah older chickens had higher significant records with respect to pore number and radius of eggshell, egg weight loss % during setting phase of incubation, hatch time and eggshell conductance either in dessicator or incubator and conductance constant and thinner eggshell thickness compared to younger ones. Embryonic mortality was significantly increased for eggs produced from older flock age. Whereas, hatchability percentage, yolk free chick body weight, relative intestinal weight, lengths of duodenum, jejunum and ileum and jejunum maltase enzyme value, relative heart weights besides glycogen values were significantly increased for younger flock age. Triiodothyronine and corticosterone hormones and some hematological parameters i.e. RBCs, Hb and PCV% were decreased (P≤0.05) for embryos and hatched chicks for older flock age. The results proved that younger flock age had a positive effect on eggshell conductance and conductance K which played a cardial role on hatching process, intestinal function, chick body weight and post-hatch growth. Therefore, it is hoping that using the dessicator for determining the eggshell conductance before incubation is useful tool for selecting the suitable senario of incubation condition including temperature and relative humidity to realize the best results of hatching out-put and growth of hatched chicks.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5608_c779dc97bf10bdf0a1162cb1d84493aa.pdf
Flock age
conductance
Hatchability
Hormone
Chick growth
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1237
1248
10.21608/epsj.2017.5610
5610
Original Article
UTILIZATION OF OLIVE PULP MEAL AS A NON-TRADITIONAL FEEDSTUFF IN GROWING LOCAL HENS FEEDING UNDER DESERT CONDITIONS
A total number of 180 Sinai growing hens 10 weeks of age were used in an experiment lasted up to 18 weeks of age. The experiment aimed to study the utilization of feeding growing hens on different levels of olive pulp meal (OPM) under desert conditions. Experimental birds were divided randomly into four equal experimental treatments (45 in each treatment) and randomly divided into three equal replicates (15 hens each).The first treatment was fed the basal diet as a control (0 % OPM), while the other three treatments were fed diets containing either 4, 8 or 12 % OPM, respectively. Experimental diets were formulated to be iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and were formulated in granular form. Results obtained could be summarized as follows: The final live body weight and body weight gain during the whole experimental period were decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing dietary OPM level in the diet. The highest live body weight and body weight gain were recorded by using 8 % OPM, while, those fed on 12 % recorded the lowest one.It is worthy noting that feed intake decreased with increasing of OPM levels. Moreover, feed conversion ratio became significantly worst (P< 0.05) with OPM level up to 12% in the diets. Digestibility coefficients of CP, CF, EE, NFE and the nutritive values expressed as DCP, TDN % and ME (kcal/kg) were significantly (P<0.05) varied among the experimental treatment. The level of 8% OPM recorded the best net return and the percentage of economical efficiency of feed. Data of amino acids content of OPM showed that Methionine was the first limiting essential amino acid, while, lysine were the second limiting amino acids.In conclusion, from the nutritional and economical efficiency stand points of view, up to 8% OPM could be recommended to be used successfully and safely when formulating diet for Sinai local growing hens without adversely affecting their performance.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5610_39ece457bfc2754f754063d5c7c8a8dc.pdf
Growing hens
olive pulp meal
performance and economical efficiency
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1249
1259
10.21608/epsj.2017.5651
5651
Original Article
SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO DIETARY BETAINE LEVELS IN BROILER CHICKENS
This study was designed to evaluate some physiological responses todietary betaine levels s in broiler chickens. One hundred and twenty, one-day-oldunsexed chicks, of Cobb strain, were used in experiment period of 6 weeks.. The birdswere allocated in four treatments,30 birds each (3 replicates of 10 birds). Treatmentswere:T1 as control group (C); T2,Diet C plus 0.01% betaine; T3, Diet C plus 0.02%betaine; T4, Diet C plus 0.03% betaine. Feed intake and body weight per replicatewere recorded weekly, Body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratios (FCR)were calculated. At the end of the experiments samples of chickens were randomlychosen and slaughtered to determine dressing percentage and blood samples weretaken to measure serum Glucose, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Total lipids, T3, T4 andAlbumin.The results showed that using of 0.03 % betaine of broilers diet had significantdifferences on BWG, FI, and FCR compared with other groups at 3 and 6 wks of age.The carcass weight was significantly (P<0.001) improved in 0.02 % Betaine. Therewere a significant increase (P<0.01) in serum total protein, albumin, and globulinconcentrations of birds fed 0.03 % betaine levels compared to other treatments. Theresults concluded that using of 0.03% dietary betaine showed beneficial of somephysiological and productive responses of broilers chickens.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5651_a5ea360f73110c782432475b67f9004f.pdf
Betainelevels – broiler
Total protein
triglycerides andtotal lipids
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1261
1271
10.21608/epsj.2017.5652
5652
Original Article
EFFECT OF CROSSING BETWEEN LOHMAN SELECTED LEGHORN WITH TWO DEVELEPED STRAINS OF CHICKENS FOR IMPROVING SOME EGG PRODUCTION TRAITS
The objective of this study was improving egg production traits in two developed local strains of chickens by crossing.Two developed strains of chickens, Matrouh (MT) and Silver Montazah (SM) were used as sire lines and a commercial strain Lohman Selected Leghorn (LSL) was used as a dam line to produce five genotypes, three pure lines and two crosses, SMXLSL and MTXLSL. Age (ASM) and body weight (BWSM) at sexual maturity were recorded individually. Egg number (EN) and egg weight (EW) during different periods of production were recorded and egg mass production (EM) was calculated. Heteroses percentage (H%) also, were estimated the different studied traits. Estimates of phenotypic correlation coefficients between egg number during the 1st 90 day of laying and some egg production traits were estimated.Results showed that:1- The pure lines matured significantly earlier (175.65d)than the two way cross (186.03d), while BWSM had insignificant difference between the pure and the cross groups.2- The two-way cross SMXLSL produced significantly (P≤ 0.01) higher EN and EM than MTXLSL cross for all studied periods.3- Estimates of H% for ASM and BWSM were positive and high for SMXLSL cross (4.55% and 9.52%), respectively, and 2.98% and 4.35% for MTXLSL crossbred, respectively, while it was negative (-15.89 and -15.54%) for EN during the 1st 90 day of laying for SMXLSL and MTXLSL crossbred, respectively.4- Positive and high H% were found for both of the SMXLSL and MTXLSL crossbred for EM during the last two studied periods (EM2 and EM3),while negative H% was found for EM1 in the same crosses. These results indicated that the two-way cross improved the annual egg mass production by 26.03% and 37.66% for both of SMXLSL and MTXLSL crosses, respectively.5- The phenotypic correlation between the annual egg production record and the partial record was low for the developed strains, while, it was high for the commercial one (LSL). Also, it was high for the two- way crosses.Generally, these results indicate that crossing between LSL and /or Matrouh, Silver Montazah strains improved egg production traits. Mating Silver Montazah sire line with LSL dam line improved egg number and egg mass production at the different studied periods compared to the other cross.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5652_08c2613d513dc6a123f26c73cb9d1623.pdf
Crossing
egg production traits – heterosis
correlation
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1273
1287
10.21608/epsj.2017.5653
5653
Original Article
EFFECT OF IN OVO METHIONINE, GLUTAMINE, CARNITINE OR BETAINE INJECTION ON HATCHABILITY, GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE
sabbah youssef
sabbah.farouk@yahoo.com
1
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
the present study was carried out to estimate responses of Fayoumi chickens to in ovo injection of some nutrients during late stage of incubation and post-hatch. At 18 day of incubation 360 eggs contain live embryos were chosen and distributed randomly into 6 treatment groups each of which contain 60 eggs divided into 3 replicates (20eggs/replicate). Eggs in group 1 confirm control treatment without injection but eggs in group 2 injected with pure Marek's solution and performed sham treatment. Eggs in groups 3, 4, 5 and6 injected with 0.2 mm3Marek's solution contain 5mgglutamine/egg,5mg methionine /egg, 16mg L-carnitine/egg and 5mg betaine/egg respectively. Hatching, growth performance and some hematological parameters were measured, moreover response against Newcastle disease vaccination and liver histopathology were estimated.The following results were obtained:1- Most parameters didn’t recorded significant differences between control and sham treatment which reflect success of injection procedure and time.2- In ovo glutamine injection decreased hatchability percent but increased hatch weight compared with control treatment. Glutamine injection improved growth performance compared with other treatments except for betaine injection3- In ovo methionine injection significantly (P≤0.05) decreased hatchability percent and significantly (P≤0.05) increased hatch weight compared with control. Methionine didn’t provide significant improvement in growth performance.4- In ovo L-carnitine injection decreased hatchability percent and hatching weight than control treatment and recorded the worst growth performance.5- In ovo betaine injection improved hatching parameters and achieved the best growth performance and physiological state.6- Histopathological results show that in ovo L-carnitine injection presented liver damage and support hatching and growth results. In general we recommend using in ovo betaine injection to improve hatchability, growth performance and physiological state of Fayoumi chickens.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5653_c99adae048be762cef4442305be9c7c4.pdf
In ovo – methionine – glutamine – carnitine – betaine
and growth
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1289
1302
10.21608/epsj.2017.5654
5654
Original Article
USING GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITIES TO EXPECTED BREEDING VALUES, GENETIC VALUES AND HYBRID PERFORMANCE IN CHICKENS
The objectives of this study were to investigate the difference in body weight due to crossing of one exotic meat type strain [Sasso chickens (SS)] and one developed local chicken strain [Gimmizah (GG)] in a full 2×2 diallel design to estimate crossbreeding effects [direct additive effect, heterotic effect, reciprocal effect, general combining ability (GCA), and specific combining ability (SCA)]. Therefore, using general and specific combining abilities were predicted of breeding values (BV) and genetic values (GV). Full diallel crossing 2x2 among these genotypes had been done (2 purebreds and 2 crossbreds). Body weight for males and females from hatch to 12 wks of ages were recorded for different produced genotypes.The obtained results showed that within pure breed mating, the (SS) chicks were significantly (P<0.001) heavier at the different studied ages compared to the (GG) chicks. Within crosses mating, S×G cross chicks were superior chicks compared to G×S cross chicks at hatch, 4, 8 and 12 wks of ages.The most of heterosis estimates (H %) for body weight at the different studied ages for both sexes of S×G cross were positive and high compared to those of the reciprocal cross (G×S) which the most values were negative H%. Also, the reciprocal effects were positive (2.34, 27.04, 65.80 and 139.76 g) for overall BW means at the aforementioned ages, respectively. These results indicated that using Sasso as a sire of (S×G cross), BW was improved compared to that of the reciprocal cross (G×S) at the different studied ages.All values of GCA for SS were positive and had high estimates compared to that of GCA for GG. Also, the cross SxG had high and positive SCA values compared to GxS cross. The highest positive expected breeding values of BW were realized for Sasso strain at the different studied ages. Also, expected genetic values for crosses showed that the progeny of S×G cross had the highest positive values for most of BW in both of the males and females for the different studied ages. No differences (g) between the actual and expected BW were found at all ages studied. In conclusion, crossing between Sasso sires (exotic meat type strain) and Gimmiza dams (developed local strain) improved significantly body weight at the different studied ages compared to mating of Gimmiza as sires.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5654_075dbadef78f55ad6a4f58a6775a282a.pdf
diallel crossing
General and specific combining abilities
Breeding value
eng
The Egyptian Poultry Science Association
Egyptian Poultry Science Journal
1110-5623
2090-0570
2017-12-01
37
4
1303
1321
10.21608/epsj.2017.5655
5655
Original Article
EFFECT OF SPRAYING HATCHING EGGS OF JAPANESE QUAILS BY LIVE YEAST ON PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT, HATCHABILITY AND TOTAL BACTERIAL COUNT
The present experiment was carried out to study the role of spraying hatching eggs with live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (YC) on physiological changes in the embryonic development, hatchability rates and the bacterial load on eggshell surface of quail eggs, and post hatch chicks performance. Four hundred and twenty hatching eggs of Japanese quails were divided into four treatment groups. Eggs of first group was the control group without any treatment. Eggs of the second group was sprayed by water. Eggs of the third and the fourth groups were sprayed by 2.5% and 5% yeast solution respectively.Results obtained are summarized as follows:1-Embryo weight, body length, shank length as well as, chick weight, chick body length, chick shank length and hatchability of fertile eggs ratio tended to be higher significantly (P<0.05) for eggs treated by spraying with live yeast solution than those of control eggs. Hatch time, embryonic mortality decreased in eggs sprayed by live yeast solution compared to untreated.2- The egg albumin weight ratio at ages of 10 and 14 days of incubation, egg weight losses ratio and egg shell thickness at the 14th day of incubation were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in eggs sprayed by live yeast solution compared to those for untreated.3- Blood hematological parameters (RBCs, Hb, and PCV), hormones and calcium represented significant improve while WBCs improvement numericly response to spraying with live yeast solution.4- Carcass constituents (liver, gizzard, heart and intestine) of chicks at hatch and growth performance (body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) of chicks at 21 d of Japanese quails revealed significant higher values in response to spraying with live yeast solution while yolk residual for chicks at hatch of eggs sprayed by 2.5 and 5% live yeast solution was lower than control group.5- Application of yeast had significant influence on TBC and TSC compared to control untreated either at one week or after two weeks of incubation.Spraying Japanese quail eggs with live yeast solution (5%) pre- incubation may be a good way to improve embryonig development, hatchability, blood hematology and hormones of hatch chicks and lowering the bacterial load on eggshell surface of quail eggs.
https://epsj.journals.ekb.eg/article_5655_890a8c0ec0c756b7d01b0f6694e50bae.pdf
yeast
Total bacterial count
blood hematology
Hormones
Hatchability